Study On Layout Optimization Of Urban Fire Station

With the rapid development of cities, the problem of urban fire comes to more serious, fire station layout directly relates to whether the city can timely solve the problem of urban fire control, therefore, how to distribute fire station scientifically gets more and more important. At present, China has introduced’fire protection law’ and some other relevant policies, ordering to regulate urban fire safety and fire station distribution. At present there are still lots of city fire safety problems in most cities of our country, especially fire station distribution method is still flawed, leading to ill-considered layout, etc. These problems affect public safety and social stability, and need to strengthen research. The integration of Geographic Information System and Location Allocation Model performs well in the space optimization layout. Therefore, this paper mainly studies the layout optimization of the fire station based on the Location Allocation model, and combined with the technical means to find a more reliable layout method of the city fire station.This paper will introduce the optimization of fire station layout theory, location theory, integer programming theory and other related optimization model, summarize the current situation and problems of our urban fire station layout, and briefly expounds the generating mechanism of the problem.Considering restrictions on the main factors or the layout of the fire station, the paper will set a hierarchical location allocation model based on the covering model, the maximum coverage model and the P-center model, and introduce optimization process of location allocation model. This paper make Fengtai District of Beijing City an example for case study, using the optimized method to optimize the layout of the fire stations of Fengtai District, obtaining Fengtai District fire station layout optimization scheme under the specific conditions, and the use of accessibility evaluation, evaluates the results of the layout.At the end of this paper, from the perspective of strategic decision making urban development, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for improving the layout of fire station.