Research On Characteristic Of The Early Chinese Ancient Civil Construction

The civil structure construction, which plays a predominant role in the history of Chinese architecture, is the main type of traditional Chinese architecture. Its unique construction techniques and cultural implication, a precious legacy for us, represent the brilliant achievements of eastern architecture system.The development of architectural features of early civil structure in china:Soil and wood are for the first and have been the main types of building materials. And they are used along with ceramic tile stone, metal, etc;As to the two-dimensional structure, single building column structure experiences a series of changes:from the goal post to the center column, and then to center columns and load-bearing columns side by side, and finally the formation of schemes of vertical and horizontal symmetry.The connected construction is isolated from the single complex architecture and it comes through several stages:a combination of room and gallery, a combination of gallery, courtyard and room, a combination of room, gallery, court, veranda, a combination of veranda, private school, courtyard, room and gallery, which is in the shape of Chinese character "回", and quadrangle dwellings, which is in the shape of Chinese character "日".Its three-dimensional composition can divided into the base parts, the body parts and roof section. The Base part pass through non-processing, less processing,Body parts experienced walls, wooden wall plastering, bone, BanZhu rammed wall with several stages, bearing structure of retaining structure is separated, He may come from the roof part of shang, zhou to underpin has become an important component of the roof, roof, roof, chevron experienced several variety roof, roof has four stages, shang, heavy house.According to the structure, analysis of some typical remains Chuan column, etc, Lin, wooden frame beams in parts of each other. PeiLiGang period Chuan produced by Chuan column and column, evolved, Lin produced during yangshao and beams, lintel frame which originated. Contact with binding gradually from the network technology combining mortise.Decoration feature, began in the construction period of Yangshao on adornment, already took on wooden impose coloured drawing or pattern, the color of the zhou dynasty has grade differentiation.Therefore, to the zhou dynasty, civil structures in late in the Yellow River basin has the characteristics of basic complete.The continuity of the technology of civil architecture features plays an important role in the formation, wooden tools and machining tool for cutting and is the guarantee of wood and clay materials, moistureproof, fireproof demand for building technology unceasing enhancement, the functional requirements in construction, architectural features of formation and influence of wood beam structure and flexible made unique appearance, pottery and other techniques for building development also indirectly.In addition, natural environment for building materials provide convenience condition of building plane, climate change, facade has a significant effect on the layout. The development of productive forces, war, grade system and historical factors and the "nature and humanity" standard, such factors of the development of architectural feature is pushed ahead.