Variety Identification And Genetic Diversity Analysis Of Rose With RAPD Molecular Markers

Rosa chinensis Jacq is one important section of genus Rosa. It is one of the most important flower and nursery crop throughout the world. And it was cultivated long before. In china, rose is one of the four most popular cut flower and is the city flower of many city such as Beijing. Rose is very valuable in economy and ornament. Their wide geographic distribution, polyploidy, messy naming and frequent interspecific hybridization, together with human involvement, make it diverse and difficult to classify. Rose cultivars are normally identified by visual descriptions of numerous morphological, horticultural and physiological traits , this methodology is both labor-intensive and timeconsuming and in most cases, descriptions and measurements vary greatly depending on the environment fluctuations and human judgement. However, the prospective molecular markers such as RFLP, RAPD, AFLP and SSR overcome the shortage of morphological methods. Especially, RAPD marker has many advantages as following: higher speed of the analysis, high degree of polymorphisms, minimal quantities of DNA required, no-involvement of episode and lower cost of equipment and supplies. So it is widely used in identification and diverse analysis of many crops.In this study, 28 modern rose cultivars and 2 wild rose species was analyzed using RAPD markers. In 145 primers, we selected 17 primers by which 63 reproducible polymorphic markers was produced and 3-11 bands were amplified with each primer. All individuals can be distinguished with these markers, which reveals the level of polymorphisms of the roses is high. We have obtained 4 specific RAPD markers of 3 cultivars of rose: OPR-16876^ OPQ-07930 of " Carefree Wonder'\ OPQ-1752o of "Sohloss Man Hieim"> OPT-09i6oo of " Hertfordshine". And specific RAPD marker OPR-16g76 was converted to SCAR marker. These specific RAPD and SCAR markers can be used for identification of these cultivars.These 63 markers were used to cluster the 30 rose individuals. The phenogram was constructed with the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean(UPGMA). The results suggest classification of rose using RAPD data generally supports the traditional classification. Major of cultivars was classified into their respective sections. Although Floribunds Roses> Grandiflora Roses ^ Hybrid Teas Roses and Climbing Roses were grouped together, the cultivars of them overlapped, which suggests these sections were hybridized with each other and genes were transformed. Miniature Roses and Ground Roses were grouped together and separated from the former sections, suggesting they have a distant relationship. As respected, the two wild rose species R.oxyacantha and R.laxa were consistently separated from modern roses.These results will be important for identification, genetic diverse analysis and patent protection of rose.