Analysis Of Tissue Culture Abilities And Endogenous Hormones From Different Explants In Rice(Oryza Sativa L.)

Cell engineering techniques have been widely using in breeding for their advantages of time-saving and efficiency. Improving the culture ability and obtaining higher green plantlet production are the foundation for breeding. In this paper,callus induction frequencies (GIF),green plantlet differentiation frequencies (GPDF) of different rice explants or different genotypes were compared,and the influence of the content and proportion of endogenous hormones on culture ability were analyzed. So,the plant regeneration frequency could be improved via adding exogenous hormones to culture medium or spraying growth regulators in the field to regulate endogenous hormones equivalence. This method can be used in rice breeding. The results were as follows:(1)9 Japonica varieties,6 Indica varieties and 4 lines from Indica-Japonica crossing were used for anther culture,the results were:The anther culture efficiency presented outstandingly significant difference in different subspecies. The results were:the GIF of Japonica and lines of Indica-Japonica were significantly higher than those of Indica;Japonica was higher than Indica significantly,and lines of Indica-Japonica were higher than Indica most significantly on GPDF. The anther culture efficiencies of different genotypes were different significantly. Except for very few materials,calli were initiated after 14d of anther culture. In the process of callus differentiation,the leafy green areas were most positively related to green plantlets. The capability of green areas transferring to green plantlets varied with the times of calli being subcultured. Albino phenomena had a correlation with genotypes and the induction culture media.(2) The culture efficiencies of young panicle,young embryo and mature embryo of different genotypes were analyzed. The results showed that the culture efficiencies of three types of explants were different. Through variance analysis,the GIF of young panicles,young embryos and mature embryos were all higher notably than those of anthers. For the GPDF,the difference between young panicles and young embryos were not significant,but both differentiation rates were higher notably than mature embryos and anthers,and the GPDF of mature embryos was notably higher than that of anthers.(3) The correlation of GIF and/or GPDF among different explants were analyzed. The results showed:the positive correlation presented notably among GIF of anthers,young panicles and mature embryos,and also presented between that of young panicles andyoung embryos. The positive correlation did not present among GPDF of different explants,and the correlation did not be showed between GIF and GPDF.(4) Through analyzing the endogenous hormones content of different explants and calli,the content and mixture ratio of endogenous hormones were one of the key factors that can affect CEF and GPDF. the influence of endogenous hormones of different explants (anther,young panicle,young embryo and mature embryo)on C1DF represent as:Z+ZR showed negative effect,IAA did positive effect,and GA did negative effect expect for mature embryos. The influence of endogenous hormones on GPDF showed:IAA and GA showed negative effect,ABA Z+ZR did positive effect The mixture ratio of endogenous hormones had a role on GIF and GPDF. It appeared that LAA/Z+ZR had a positive effect on GIF,and there was a notably positive correlation between Z+ZR/IAA and GPDF,so was ABA/IAA and GPDF. The above results were also presented in the different explants of the same genotype.