Analysing The Evolution And Breeding Objectives Of Barley Varieties In Fujian

Analysing the ecologic condition.ecologic distribution,production development,variety evolution and breeding objective for barley cultivated in Fujian by collecting and sorting the historical materials and statistics of barley production for 50 years in Fujian and the comparing experiment of representative varieties in different periods,provided scientific basis for developing barley production.The following were the results:Climate and soil in Fujian were fit for cultivating barley,which mit the requirement of the fast development of livestock farming and beer industry. 10 excellent varieties were imported and bred in Fujian:Zaoshu 3,Aizao 3,Pudamai 4,Pudamai SJ'udamai 6,Pudamai 7,Pudamai 8,Minyou 3, Minmai 06 and Minmai 02.There were three times for alteration of cultivar and varieties in 1990s changed their traits in the following 7 aspects.compared to lacal variety-Putian wudu.Average height lowered 23.6cm,ear number per plant increased 1.52.ear length increased 1.47cm,grain weight per plant increased 0.41g,thousand grain weight increased 14.96g,grain number per ear decreased 44.7 grains, yield per unit area was nearly double.resistance to Powdery Mildew changed from high infection to high resistance.growth period lengthened 7 days.some varieties fit to be used as fodder barley increased grain protein content to above 14%,some varieties fit to be used as beer barley lowered protein content to under 12%.During the late growing period of barley in Fujian/ain was rich.temperature was relatively high, Scab and Powdery mildew were serious.All these affected the yield and quality of barley,thus affected economical benefit.Although yield per unit area increased continously,the total sowing area and yield are unstable,and had the tendency of decreasing. We should accelerate to breed multi-ear fodder barley varieties and beer ones with large-ear and mid-late mature period.We should breed new varieties with two -rowed or multi-rowed at reasonable ratio.Per unit area(666.7m2) yield being over 350kg and the latent yield capacity being about 400kg were yield objective of new varieties. Therefore.we should breed new varieties with more tillers,early tillers,high ratio of tillers being developed to ear.high ear number per unit areajiigh grain weight and steady grain number per ear.High yield were achieved through more ear number and higher grain weight.