Studies On Factors Affecting The Anther Culture Ability Of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

Anther culture of rice was experimented with japonica cultivar Qiuguang, and medium type cultivars Peiai64S and Meizhoudao, and indica cultivars E4K, 108, E88, and xiang125. The major factors affecting anther culture ability of rice, including rice genotypes, culture medium, phytohomore mixture ratios, cold treatment time, carbon source, proline, and sampling months, were investigated. The main results were as follows.1) The arrangement of callus induction rate for different genotypes was medium type >japonica>indica cultivars. The arrangement of anther culture ability was medium type >indica>japonica cultivars.2) Under the base of the phytohomore mixture ratios of 2,4-D 2mg/L +NAA 1 mg/L +KT 1 mg/L, it was not good for the callus induction if more plant growth stimulating substances were added into the medium. And the excessive plant growth stimulating substances were also not good for the green plantlet regeneration.3) Increasing malt sugar concentration improved the callus induction and green plantlet regeneration but resulting in more chlorotic plantlets when the concentration reached 3% or higher. However, the treatment with 5% malt sugar recorded the highest anther culture ability.4) Both the callus induction rate and green plantlet regeneration rate increased with increasing the concentration of proline added until 600mg/L which led to a heavy decrease in both the callus induction rate and green plantlet regeneration rate.5) Both the callus induction rate and green plantlet regeneration rate increased with increasing the cold treatment time but decreased sharply when the time reached certain degree. The suitable time got longer with the proceeding sampling months for the callus induction and green plantlet regeneration and anther culture ability improvement.6) The arrangement of anther culture ability in different months was June>July>August> September. The arrangement of chlorotic plantlet regeneration rate in different months was JuneSeptember.7.) The highest callus induction rate for Peiai64S was found in the culture with M8 medium, and there was no difference with SK3 and N6 media.8.) The best concentration of sucrose was 6% for the anther culture ability. It was not good for the callus induction and anther culture ability when the concentration was too high or too low, which also resulted in higher chlorotic plantlet regeneration rate.