Study On Embryo Culture And Fertilization In Vitro Of Zizyphus Jujuba

Zizyphus jujuba is produced primarily and mainly in our country. The character of date tree cultivar at present has different deficiency, and degeneration is serious. Natural variation is one of the traditional reproduce methods, not only its breeding cycle is too long, but also produces little effect. Crossbreeding as a effective way to cultivate excellent crop variety has been extensively applied on major economic crops breeding. Embryo abortion of date tree is very popular, and the abortion of hybrid embryo through hybridization is too serious to gain hybrid plant, so its artificial breeding remains blank up to now. Therefore it is necessary to expound the abortive mechanism, and to fend the method of putting off abortion and rescuing young embryo.Pollination, fertilization and embryo culture in vitro and embryoid induction were studied in the experiment. The hybridization pollination and fertilization, and the production and development of embryo were researched, the process, style and overcome method of abortion were discussed to gain normal hybrid progeny and cultivate new variety with excellent character.The results show that, most of varieties of the zizyphus jujuba embryo began aborting from globular or heart-shaped embryo period, and few of them could keep developing to cotyledon stage embryo. Through screening the conditions of embryo culture, we can find it was easy to culture the embryo of 30 days. During the culture, the extremely young hybrid ovule developed normally for 20 days, with the ovary expanding obviously. Somatic embryo was induced during embryo culture, whose developing process was similar to zygote greatly, for both of them shared the same experience from proembryo to globular embryoid, heart-shaped embryoid, torpedo-shaped embryoid and cotyledon stge embryoid. The success of the induction of embryoid offers a new way to the growth and development of hybrid embryo, and the production of hybrid plant.