The Study On Immature Embryo Culture Of Zizyphus Jujuba

The cultivar of Chinese jujube,'Longdongmayazao'was employed, according to the growing characters of embryo, three growing periods of immature fruits were selected to establish the optimized system of culture medium ,condition, inducing somatic embryo in this paper. It is important that the system can overcome embryo abortion, shorten breeding period, impulse breeding work. Four varieties that growing characters of embryo were studied by the method of anatomy, to choose the optimized period of immature embryos culture, to clear the characters and mechanism of embryo abortion, to expound the reason and to find the method of putting off embryo abortion. The main results were summarized as follows:1. Those conclusion were presented in this paper, the age of embryo were the key factors in immature embryo culture. There were three growth-style after Chinese jujube embryo was planted on the medium: embryo continue growth and development,the younger embryo, the easier formation of callus, the rate of formation of callus reduced when embryo approached ripe gradually, but plantlet easier. Young embryo (45 days and 55 days after florescence) was not easy directly cultivated to plantlet. Young embryo (65 days after florescence) was easier to form plantlet by low temperature treatment (2-4℃30d).2. The method of three-step culture were applied on the younger age of immature embryo(45 and 55 days after florescence). Firstly, the seeds that their caplsule was peeled were cultured on germination medium .Secondly, after the immature embryo spouted, they which came off endosperm or callus were transferred to basic MS medium preserving 30 days, then induce to callus. In the end, callus was induced to somatic embryo forming plantlet or callus was induced to adventitious bud then induce to root ,at last form plantlet. The results showed that the spouting medium of younger embryo (55 days after florescence) should be chosen the MS-H+ZT0.5mg/L+IAA0.6mg/L+LH0.5g/L+ sucrose 50g/L+agar4.0g/L+LH0.5g/L+PVP0.2g/L. The medium of inducing callus should be chosen Nitsch + BA 1.0 mg/L +2,4-D1.5 mg/L+ sucrose 30g/L + agar 4.0 g/L. The medium of inducing Somatic embryo should be chosen MS+BA1.0 mg/L+ IBA0.2 mg/L+LH0.5mg/L+Vc0.1mg/L+sucrose30g/L++LH0.5mg/L+ Vc0.1mg/L+sucrose30g/L +agar4.0g/L.The medium of inducing adventitions bud should be chosen MS+ BA1.0mg/L+IAA0.5mg/L+ LH0.5mg/L+Vc0.1mg/L+sucrose 30g/L + agar 4.0 g/L.3. Young embryo (65 days after florescence) was easier to form plantlet by low temperature treatment(2-4℃,30d). The better medium should been chosen Nitsch+ZT1.5 mg/L +IAA0.6mg/L +LH0.5g/L+ sucrose 30g/L + agar 4.0 g/L.4.IBA 1.0mg/L as the only hormone, was added to 1/2MS medium could have a good result on raising root.5. Somatic embryo was induced during embryo culture, and twelve planlets were abtained from the somatic embryo.