| Three pairs of crosses of rolled-leaf (RL) near-isogenic lines were used to study the effects of RL gene RL(t) on seedling characters, number of tiller, leaf traits, photosynthesis and yield of hybrid rice under two levels of fertilizing regimes. Results were as follows:1. At the treat of normal fertilizer level, the RL crosses appeared to be inferior to those of corresponding crosses in such characters as seedling leaf age, number of tillers, stem-base width and seedling height in the seedling stage. In the beginning stage after transplanting, the number of tillers of RL crosses developed slower, resulting in less tillers in the high peak seedling stage and more effective tillers than the corresponding crosses.2. (1) Under the normal fertilizer level, the basic angle of leaf (BAL) of RL crosses at the same leaf were smaller at the flowering, and parts of the BALs of corresponding crosses were difference significantly. The BAL was significantly and negatively correlated with leaf rolling indexes (LRI) (r=-0. 3554, P<0. 01). At the 20d after flowering, the BALs of all crosses were increased and the increased scope of RL crosses was higher than those of the corresponding crosses. At the flowering, drooping angles (DA) of the second leaf and the third leaf between corresponding crosses were difference significantly. DA was significantly and negatively correlated with LRI(r=-0.4675,P<0.01).(2) In the treat of more fertilizer applied to the early panicle growth stage, three upper leaves of all crosses grew significantly longer. Under the more fertilizer level, LRIs of all crosses were decreased, and in part of LRIs of RL crosses were decreased significantly. The BALs of most crosses were increased or increased significantly but no difference significantly in the corresponding crosses. The BALs of the non-RL crosses were increase significantly than the corresponding crosses. DAs of non-RL crosses enlarged.(3) Under the same treat level, LRIs of R1(t) RL crosses between the same leaf were higher significantly than those of the corresponding crosses at different stages. The BALs of RL crosses were smaller or smaller significantly than those of corresponding crosses. Leaves of RL crosses were not drooping under two levels of fertilizing regimes at two stages. At the 20d after flowering, DAs of non-RL crosses enlarged under two levels. And DAs of RL crosses were smaller significantly than those of the corresponding crosses.3. (1) The light extinction coefficients of RL crosses were smaller significantly than those of the corresponding crosses at two stages while LAI were higher. (2) At the flowering, chlorophyll contents of RL crosses were higher than those of corresponding crosses while higher significantly at 20d after flowering. (3) Photosynthetic rate of RL crosses were higher or higher significantly than those of the corresponding crosses at different stages.4. At the treat of normal fertilizer level, yield, effective tillers and seed-set rate of RL crosses were higher or higher significantly while the grain number per panicle lower than those of corresponding crosses. Under the more fertilizer level, the number of grains per panicle of all crosses increased significantly and the 1000-grain weight dropped or significantly dropped. The seed-set rate dropped significantly in the non-RL crosses but not in the corresponding crosses. The yield of RL crosses increased significantly in the treat of more fertilizer but the corresponding crosses not, whichsuggested that Rl(t) gene could more easily lead to higher yield under the level of higher fertilizer.In this study, using RL Zhenshan 97B(JYB) and Peiai 64S(PS) as female parents, and Minghui 63, Yanhui 559, Teqing, Yangfunuo 5 and 9311 as male parents, five corresponding crosses were made and we investigated these crosses to study effects of two genes of JYB and PS. Results were as follows:(1) The LRIs and BALs of JYB crosses were higher or higher sigificantly than those of PS corresponding crosses at d...
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