Study On The Utilization Of The Low-Protein And Red Fishmeal Feeds In Soft-Shelled Turtels (Trionyx Sinensis)

The feed components of the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (CSST) affect those performance and give many effects to CSST. In some degree, crude protein (CP) content rises when more white fish meal (WFM) is added into the feed, which results in CSST' s high growth rate but high feed cost (FC). So reducing FC has been a study focus of CSST' s feed. Accordingly, it is very important nutrition and biology meanings to discuss CSST utilizing low-protein and red fish meal(RFM) feed, at the same time, it has the benefits to optimize feed components, to reduce FC, to enlarge culture scale and to enhance economic benefit.By growth trial chemical analysis and pathology slids analysis, the main results are as fellows:1. The protein content carnitine content and their interaction can affect the max intake ratio(MIR) and the protein efficience ratio(PER) significantly.The interaction between 32.65% protein content and 300mg/kg carnitine content can enhance MIR and PER.2. The protein content affects feed coefficient(FCE) insignificantly, but the carnitine and its interaction with the protein content affect FC significantly.The interaction between 32. 65% protein content and 300mg/kg carnitine content can enhance FC insignificantly.3. The protein contend carnitine content and their interaction affect the special growth ratio(SGR) insignificantly.But the interaction between 32.65% protein content and 300mg/kg carnitine content can get the beat SGR which is insignificant to the control.4. The protein contend carnitine content and their interactionaffect the feed cost(FC) significantly. The interaction between 32. 65% protein content and 300mg/kg carnitine content can save 0.79 yuan/kg CSST (7. 92%).5. The protein contend carnitine content and their interaction affect body type dry matter content and crude protein content of body insignificantly. Protein content of feed affects crude fat content of body significantly. When the crude protein content of feed is reduced, the crude fat content of body is reduced significantly.6. The RFM content affects MIR insignificantly, but the histamine content and its interaction with RFM content affect MIR significantly. The interaction between low RFM content and low histamine content makes MIR be least, but other interactions make MIR be rising trend.7. The protein content carnitine content and their interaction affect PER and FC significantly. The interaction between low RFM content and low histamine content makes higher PER and lower FC, but other interactions can depress PER and enhance FC.8. The RFM content affects SGR significantly. The 4% RFM content makes SGR higher than that of 10% RFM content, but the result is also lower than the control.9. The RFM content the histamine content and their interaction affect digestibility body type and hepatocyte area insignificantly. The RFM content and its interaction with the histamine affect hepatocyte plasm photoconductive insignificantly.By discussing and analysising to the study results, theconcludes are as fellows:1, MIR, PER, SGR, FCE, FC and body characters indicate that the low-protein feed of juvenile soft-shelled turtle (JST) has its superiorities, which is a new idea to the propriety protein content of JST. So here is the suggestion that in-depth study and middle trial for low-protein feed should be done.2 When the protein content of JST is lower than 32. 65%, JST would have high SGR.3, When the carnitine is added into the low-protein feed of JST, its content had better not more than 300mg/kg.4, enhancing glucide content properly is a way to reduce the protein content of feed.5 Considering MIR, PER, SGR and FCE, the RFM and histamine had better not be added into the feed of JST.6. When fewer RFM is added into feed , the histamine and fat acid oxidation can not give ill effects on JST' s health.7, So far, there is no content keys to explain RFM' s ill effects. The study of the components and pathology of RFM should be done.