Studies On Characteristics And Micropropagation Of Grapevine Rootstocks

Grapevine rootstocks are of great importance in grapevine cultivation, which are very beneficial for the sustainable development of grapevine and wine. In this thesis, botanical features, rooting and seedling characteristics, drought resistance, cold resistance, graft compatibility as well as micropropagation procedures of thirteen rootstocks cultivars, three wild grapevine species and four wine grapevine cultivars had been researched for the first time, in order to select fine grapevine rootstocks for wine grapevine cultivars in northwest China, especially in Gansu province and promote researches, development and application of wild grapevine resources in Gansu province. Some conclusions were summarized as followed:Rootstock cultivars, including wild grapevine species, budded earlier and leaves fell later than wine grapevine cultivars. There were significant differences in rooting and seedling rate of hard twig cuttings among different rootstock cultivars. The rooting and seedling potentials of all the rootstock cultivars were as followed: ST. GEORGE> Vilis rupestris Scheele>5BB> Vitis vinifera X Vitis berlandieri>110R > 520A > 161-49 > Beta > 140Ru > SO4> Var. pagnuciii> 3309C, 188-01 > 5C>101-14 > Vitis davidii Foex. Drought resistance of rootstock cultivars was appraised through determining changes of soluble proline content and RWC. The results indicated that drought resistance of all rootstock cultivars was as followed: Vitis rupestris Scheele > Var. Piasezkii > SO4, 520A > 5C > Beta, 5BB, ST. GEORGE, 188-01, 140Ru > 101-14, LN33, 3309C. All the rootstock cultivars were more resistant to drought stress than wine grapevine cultivars. CAT activity was proved not so efficient in appraising drought resistance of rootstocks. Cold resistance of rootstock cultivars was apprised through determining changes of soluble sugar content, soluble protein content and electrolyte osmotic rate. The results indicated that cold resistance of all rootstocks was as followed: Var. Piasezkii > Beta > S04, 520A, Vitis rupestris Scheele, 140Ru, 5C, ST. GEORGE > 3309C, 5BB, 188-01 > LN33> 101-14, which was consistent to surviving and budding rate of rootstocks through the winter. Four wine grapevine cultivars were less resistant to cold stress than rootstock cultivars. Among all the rootstock cultivars, Var.Piasezkii, SO4, Beta, 520A, Vitis rupestris Scheele, 140Ru and 5C are resistant to drought stress as well as cold stress. Four wine grapevine cultivars grafted on 520A performed well. However, the best graft period was the first 20 days of June.1/2MS was the best medium for initial culture of most of rootstock cultivars with average germination rate 74.89%. GS was the second best medium for initial culture. Germination rate was different among different cultivars as followed: Beta > 520A > Var. Piasezkii > SO4 > 188-01 > LN33 > 5C. Rooting rate and proliferation multiples were significantly different among all rootstock cultivars. 1/2MS was the best medium for subculture of Var. Piasezkii; GS was the second best medium. Rooting rates of Var. Piasezkii cultured for three times in 1/2MS with 0.2mg/L IAA, 0.5mg/L IBA or 0.5mg/L NAA were up to 43.90%, 44.19% and 38.30% respectively. Rooting and seedling rate and proliferation multiples of Var. Piasezkii increased significantly through the pre-treatment of micro cuttings with lOOmg/L IBA for five minutes and sheltering the medium from lights. Rooting and seedling rate and proliferation multiples increased gradually with the constant subcultures.