| Cornus (Macrocarpium officinale Sieb. et Zucc.) belongs to Cornaceae, and its dry fruits were known as one of the precious herbs in China and had the effects of novishing kidney and liver. Modern pharmaceutical studies showed that cornus could better regulate the immune system and notably lower the blood sugar, which provided it great market potential. This paper mainly studied the resources of cornus in Foping, Shaanxi Province by ways of investigation and determination the main active components content of it in different habitats, different varieties, different picking time and different primary process by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The HPLC fingerprints of cornus were also systematically studied in order to establish a general quality control standard of it, and offer some data to its good agriculture process (GAP) and sustainable development. The main results could be concluded as following:(1) There were 9 varieties that were classified by the biological characters of the fruits and leaf like color and figure, the economic characters like the rate of medicine, the weight of 100 fruits after the investigation of the wild, semi-wild and cultured cornus in the area of Foping, Shaanxi Province. The main characters of each variety were described systematically;(2) All varieties were systematically evaluated by the biological character, the ability of anti-virus, the yields, the rate of medicine and the content of the main active components. The results showed that Dahongzao, Zhenzhuhong, Shigunzao were believed as the good varieties. The main indicatrix of them were follows: the average rate of medicine were 21.9%, 20.3%, 25.3% respectively; the average content of loganin were 1.023%, 0.681%, 0.938% respectively; the average content of ursolic acid were 0.157%, 0.154%, 0.165% respectively; the average content of oleanolic acid were 0.065%, 0.068%, 0.069% respectively;(3) The methods of content determination of loganin, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in cornus by HPLC were established. Determination conditions of loganin were: Methanol-water (32:68,v/v) detected at 236nm, the flow-rate was l.Oml/min; Conditions of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid were: Methanol-0.4% phosphoric acid (88:12,v/v) detected at 210nm, the flow-rate was l.Oml/min. Methodologicalexperiments showed that the method had high precision and good repeatability and can be used as the detection means of loganin, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in cornus;(4) The results of comparative determination of loganin, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in the samples of different varieties and different habitats showed obvious distinction. The average content of loganin was 0.586%, the ursolic acid was 0.157%, and oleanolic acid was 0.060%, respectively;(5) Through continuous determination of the fruits of different picking time, the most appropriate picking time was set down between later September and early October according to the content of loganin, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid;(6) Through systematically studying on the primary process of cornus, an appropriate process flow could be concluded as: picking → selection→watering -cooking for intenerate (2 times volume of water at 80℃ preserving heat for about 5min) →coring→drying ( 60℃for about 36h);(7) A fast identification method of cornus was established by TLC: the condition of chloroform extractive was cyclohexane-chloroform-ethylacetate (20:5:8), seven spots could be detected after spraying; the condition of methanol extractive was chloroform-methanol-water (12:4:1), eight spots could be detected;(8) The HPLC fingerprints of cornus were systematically studied, and the method was described as following: Samples were extracted with methanol in ultrasonic bathing, then analyzed by HPLC performed by gradient mobile system using A(acetonitrile) and B(0.4% phosphoric acid): 2%~5% A(0~15min), 5%~16% A( 15~50min), 16%~ 26% A(50~75min), 26%~90% A(75~80min), 90% A(80~100min); the flow-rate was 1.0ml/min;...
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