Effect Of Peat Application On Physico-Chemical Properties Of Soil And Quality Of Flue-Cured Tobacco

This paper studied composite effects of organic material on soil,physiology index and synthesized indexes of flue-cured leaf by using NC89 asexperiment variety and applying peat and fertilizer,process hydroponics,potter plantand field experiments in National Tobacco Cultivation & Physiology & BiochemistryResearch Center's Lab,experimental station of Henan Agricultural University,andFangcheng and Xiangxian in Henan province during 2001 to 2003. The results wereas follows.1 Effect of different amounts of peat on soil characteristics As the peat amount increasing the organic matter and humus contents of soilincreased. The peat amount took on positive correlation with soil organic matter, andit reached at 5% level or 1% level.The soil humus content reached summit latter thanorganic matter, As the peat amount increasing total nitrogen and Soil hydrolysable Ncontents increased. And in latter phase, the difference between total nitrogen and Soilhydrolysable N contents in soil was not evident. Under hydroponics the tendency oftotal nitrogen content in soil is different from Soil hydrolysable N content in soil. Thetime that Soil hydrolysable N content reached maximum would be earlier than totalnitrogen content. In different treatments with the peat amount increasing themaximum would display later. In most time phosphorus content in soil wouldincreased as the peat amount increasing. But the differences among treatments werenot significant. In rapid growing stage,the rapid release phosphorus content oftreatment C and treatment B were more than the other tow treatments, doing well intobacco growing. While during the whole phase the correlation of peat amount andphosphorus content was not significant. From water cultivation experiment results theeffect of peat amount on rapid release potassium content was not evident. From potterplant and field plant experiment results basically the rapid release potassium contentincreased as the peat amount increasing. It was evident that as the peat amount increasing the soilpH value decreased.However, when the peat amount reached certain degree the soil pH value would vary　 ５９　草炭对土壤理化特性和烤烟品质的影响greatly; the soil volume weight decreased as the peat amount increasing. Applying peat greatly increased the number of soil microbes and strengthenedsoil enzyme activity. The number of fungus in soil microbes and peat amountdisplayed positive correlation and it reached significant level. In rapid growing stage,about 45 days after transplanting these enzymes in soil had a booming course. Butgenerally soil enzyme activity and peat amount displayed positive correlation.2 Effect of different amounts of peat on flue- cured tobacco's physiological andbiological indexes and agronomic characteristics in several growth periods. About 45 days after transplanting, in other words the period of absorbingnitrogen actively, nitrate reductase activity reached maximum. In the whole samplingperiod invertase activity's varying tendencies were basically similar. The tendencywas decrease-increase-increase. And as the peat amount increasing the nitratereductase activity increased. Chlorophylla content increased as the peat amountincreasing; 45 days after transplanting , different treatment's root vitality reached themaximum, C>D>B>A. The varying of root ATP enzyme is similar with root vitality.They both took on the proximity of treatment B with A. In later phase the varietyofroot ATP enzyme and root vitality of different treatments have the similar tendency. Plant height,leaf widthand valid leaf length are C>B>D>A; leaf width and stemdiameter increased as the peat amount increasing; while the leaf depth decreased asthe peat amount increasing.3 Effect of applying peat on leaf physio-chemical characteristics and flavor components As the peat amount increasing each disposition leaf's filling value increased;leaf 's...