Study On Genetic Diversity Of 9 Indigenous Chicken Breeds Using Microsatellite Marker

The genetic diversity of 9 indigenous chicken breeds in China was surveyed by 20 microsatellite loci. By means of the allele frequencies, polymorphism information content (PIC), heterozygosity(H),effective number of alleles, genetic distance and results of dendrogram,the genetic variability and population structure in indigenous chicken breeds were estimated. The results were as follows:For the 20 microsatellite loci examined, the total number of alleles was 168 in 9 breeds, 43 alleles were owned in every breed and 19 rare alleles were found. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 6 to 12, and the mean number of alleles per locus was 8.4. The number of alleles per breed ranged from 85 to 121, and the mean number of alleles per breed was 99.4.The Mean PIC of 20 microsatellite loci in 9 indigenous chicken breeds was 0.6049 (0.4294~ 0.7282) . Mean PIC of MCW32 was the highest (0.7282) and that of ADL123 was the lowest (0.4294) in all loci .The number of Mean effective alleles in every locus ranged from 2.2 to 4.8.Mean heterozygosity of 9 indigenous chicken breeds in 20 microsatellite loci was 0.6695(0.6388~0.6980).Mean heterozygosity of Liyang Chickens was the highest (0.6980), and that of Langshan Chickens was the lowest (0.6388) in all breeds.Mean genetic distance among 9 indigenous chicken breeds was 0.4319(0.1418~0.5687). The genetic distance between Huaibei-Ma Chickens and Huainan-Sanhuang Chickens was the closest (0.1418),and that between Huaibei-Ma Chickens and Zhangzhou Game Chickens was the most distant(0.5687) among all breeds.9 indigenous chicken breeds were clustered into 4 groups based on the results of dendrogram. In the dendrogram, the first group included Huainan-Shanhuang Chickens,Huaibei-Ma Chickens,Taoyuan Chickens and Dagu Chickens; the second group included Shuoguang Chickens, Langshan Chickens and Liyang Chickens; the third group and fourth group included Silky Chickens and Zhangzhuo Game Chickens respectively.The results could provide basic molecular genetic data for the research on the germplasm characteristics of local breeds in China and scientific basis for the conservation and utilization of those breeds.