Storage Protein In Triticum Dicoccoides And Its Transferring Into Common Wheat

To utilize the genetic base of T. dicoccoides efficiently for wheat improvement, genetic diversity of gliadin and glutenin and the relationships among gliadin with resistance to stripe rust or heading date of 133 genotypes in T. dicoccoides from Israel, were investigated. The main results are as follows:1 Eighteen high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit combinations on two locus were detected among the materials by SDS-PAGE. The subunits combinations of 7+8 and 17+18 were found in some collections. Some collections had unconfirmed subunits.2 The lAy subunit was founding in some collections. The subunit of lAy was expressed in F2 generation between T. dicoccoides with lAy and common wheat (Chuan Nong 16). This indicated that lAy could be transferred into common wheat, which showed the significance at studying the expression and using lAy for improvement of common wheat.3 On Glu-Al locus, the frequencies of subunits 1 and 2* were 29.32% and 30.08%, respectively, which is favor to wheat quality. On Glu-B1 locus, the frequency of subunits of 7+8 and 17+18 were 5.26% and 8.27%.4 In the tested materials, a total of 122 gliadin patterns were revealed. The patterns were different each other among 114 materials, except 19 materials had 8 gliadin patterns. Seventy-seven gliadin bands were different each other. Variation among , , and co zones which had 38, 83, 72 and 87 band combinations, respectively, was observed. The gliadin patterns among collections were related to their original regions.5 High diversity was found in resistance to rust, from high-susceptible to high-resistance or immunes. Furthermore, most materials in same region had similar resistance to rust. A few materials showed earlier mature or later mature, most collectons from same region showed similar in heading date. Meanwhile, the result showed that both resistance and heading date were related to the genetic distance of gliadin in the same region, this providing the possibility of transferring these characters into common wheat at the sametime.6 The number of chromosomes of F1 generation between common wheat and T.dicoccoides was 35. The Fl showed high chromosome pairing level in meiotic metaphase I. This indicated that the genetic materials in T. dicoccoides could be transferring into common wheat easily by traditional breeding strategy.