Study On Hybridization Technique Of Dendranthema X Grandiflorum And Identification Of Hybrid F₁

Dendranthema x grandiflorum, one of the top ten traditional flowers of China, is generally people's favorite flower, because of its richness of color, abundance of breeds and wide adaptability. We found out the morphology characters of the 20 species and breeds of Dendranthema spp., and selected several breeds of approximately same bloom phase to design 26 crossbreedings. This test was performed in bags by not emasculating. Dendranthema's fecundity ratio was found and the matings were initially analyzed using the diversity of F1's isozyme electrophoresis lanes.Major research results are as follows:1. Corolla's dia of breeds are generally longer than that of species. The length of felly ligulate petal of all breeds are pretty much the same. And other markers are specially different. They are found by studying a number of morphology markers of Dendranthema x grandiflorum , which were analyzed in math ways.2. Analysing the correlation between quantitative characters. The result show that Dendranthema x grandiflorum height was negative correlatived with size of cephaloid, and positive correlatived with length of leaf. There are remarkably positive correlation between Dia of cephaloid and length of felly ligulate petal.3. With the help of factor analysis, thirteen indices were induced four factor and factor cluster analysis classified four clusters.4. On the basis of pollen germination experiments, there were some differences among pollen germinations of six Dendranthema x grandiflorum varieties, and so as to natural pollen, pollen from ikebana and pollen conserved for two days.5. Ration of seeds : Dendranthema x grandiflorum 'chuju'Dendranthema indicum>Dendranthema x grandiflorum 'Beilinhong' >Dendranthema vestitum > Dendranthema dichrum and Dendranthema aromaticum6. By the application of unconsecutive polyacrylamideg elelectrophoresis, peroxidase isozymes in 20 species and cultivars of Dendranthema x grandiflorum and hybrid groups were analyzed. The result showed that the diversity of enzyme spectrums focused on fast area in 20 species and cultivars of Dendranthema x grandiflorum; the enzyme spectrums of distinct groups had significant difference, which reflected the genetic diversity of the Dendranthema x grandiflorum varieties.7. Use the UPGMA to classify the 20 varieties of Dendranthema x grandiflorum and their hybrids. The results showed that varieties were classified to the same group as a result of the same natural geographical distribution. Also it indicated that these varieties had genetic communication and close sibship .Clustering analysis was applied to study inbreds and reciprocal hybrids which revealed that individual plants from the same group were congregated. In reciprocal crosses, few hybrids were classified to inbreds of their parents.