Study On Heredity And Variation Of Pomegranate Germplasm By Means Of Molecular Marker

Based on a stable and duplicable system of RAPD-PCR, 50 pomegranate biotypes were tested by RAPD-PCR analysis to establish the fingerprints. The relationship between different biotypes was discussed, and Sanbai, Yushizi, Manaozi and their mutations were identified by special bands found. The seed hardness of 13 biotypes was determined to study the mechanism of soft seed formation.The main results are as follows:The genomic DNA of mature leaves was successfully extracted by improved CTAB method in the pomegranate. A stable and duplicable system of RAPD-PCR was established and optimized. The fingerprints of 50 biotypes were constituted by RAPD-PCR analysis; there were special bands found in 16 biotypes, which can be applied to distinguish these biotypes as molecular marker.50 biotypes could be divided into 11 groups by cluster analysis, the relationship of different biotypes in the same groups and between different groups at similarity coefficient of 0.824. According to the result of RAPD-PCR analysis, the new opinion was put forward for classifying variety in pomegranate. The pink mosaics multi-petal flower, Xiaoqingpi, Huiliqingpiruanzi, Dahongpao should be considered as new variety, and the characteristics of multi-petal and single petal in flower should not be used to identify different ornamental varieties in pomegranate. Qingfenpi and Fenpi should be classed in a new variety.The variation degree of Sanbai, Yushizi and their mutants were studied by the special bands in different biotypes found. The genetic mechanism of the characters of seed size and peel color was discussed.The hardness of seed in 13 biotypes was determined and there was a positive difference in different biotypes, which was different in fruit of the same plant but different part or in the same fruit but different carpel cabin. The genetic background of seed hardness is very complicated in pomegranate.