| Russula pseudodelica Lange is a kind of edible and medicinal mushroom. Its stroma is recorded as "jiadabaigu" in China .It is a nice edible mushroom and contained anticancer substance, so the foreground of exploiture on Russula pseudodelica Lange is fascinating. There is still not respect of biological characteristic and nourishment component about Russula pseudodelica Lange. In our study, the nitritive Characteristics,physiology of submerged culture, optimal conditions for submerged fermentation culture and the nutrition components of Russula pseudodelica Lange were explored. And still ,the physiology of submerged culture and the nutrition components of another kind of edible fungus -- Helvella crispa(Scep)Fr were studied. The result is as follows The nutritive characteristics of Russula pseudodelica Lange were studied. The results showed that the temperature and pH appropriate to its mycelial growth were 10~30℃and 5 .0~11 .0 resp.；that the best carbon sources was sucrose; the optimal nitrogen sources were KNO3 and beef extract; and different vitamins added had no significant effect on its mycelial growth. For the first time, dynamic variation of 5 physiological index and 6 kinds of extracellular enzyme during the submerged culture of Russula pseudodelica Lange were investigated. The results showed that the maximum of hypha growth was 6.58g/L,appeared in the 10th day; pH of fluid medium rises after lowering; the peak times of extracellular protein and deoxioized saccharide were the 5th day, the 6th day; extracellular polysaccharide appeared its maximum in the 6th day ; dynamic variation of diastase, CMC enzyme, cellulase during the submerged culture were quite similar; the activity of guaiacol oxidase and polyphenol oxidase were very low during the submerged culture. The results of optimal conditions for submerged fermentation culture showed that the best carbon sources of the submerged culture of Russula pseudodelica Lange was sucrose; the excellent nitrogen source was KNO3; the appropriate pH was 6.0; the suitable temperature was 25℃; the appropriate inoculate quantity was10%;the best combination of volume and shake frequency was volume 75ml under the shake of 100r/min; the excellent combination of carbon source and nitrogen source were sucrose4g/100ml, KNO30.05g/100ml; Eight extracellular enzymes and four physiological index were studied during the submerged culture of Helvella crispa(Scep)Fr for the first time. The results showed that the maximum of hypha growth appeared in the 5th day; pH of fluid medium risen after appeared the minimum in the 2nd day; the peak time of extracellular protein appeared in the 6th day; after reach the maximum in the 2nd day, the activity of extracellular deoxioized saccharide dropped and balanced after the 9th day; the activity of CMC enzyme and cellulose of cotton wool were quite similar; the peak time of FPase appeared in the 6th day and 8th day; activity of amylase appeared its maximum in the 4th day then dropped, and the enzyme activity still kept a high level; in the 3rd day of submerged culture, activity of acid invertase reached its maximum; the activity of neutral invertase increased linearly as the time changed；activity of guaiacol oxidase and polyphenol oxidase were very low during the submerged culture. The total amino acid content and the rate of essential amino acids to total amino acids in submerged cultivated mycelia of Russula pseudodelica Lange were17.9432% and 34.8271%, there were similar to fruitbodies' 16.9298% and 35.9272%; compared with common edible fungus, the content is relatively small； except content of K, the contents of trace element in the fruitbody were much higher than in the submerged cultivated mycelia , especially Zn,Fe,Cu,Mn.The total amino acid content and the rate of essential amino acids to total amino acids in submerged cultivated mycelia of Helvella crispa(Scep)Fr were17.7539% and 32.4171%, there were similar to fruitbodies' 15.1194% and 32.7116%;of various kinds of amino acid, it is the highe...
|
PDF Full Text Request