| Three base-fatties treatments were carried out based on the practical base-fertilization fact in Beijing's suburb, which were organic manures (straw organic fertilizer and processed chicken fertilizer) and inorganic manures (slowed-release fatty). An elementary study was conducted in the article on the influence of long-term different base-fertilizers on soil environment in solar greenhouse and on tomato's quality and yield.The results showed that the soil chronically treated by straw organic fertilizer had good physical and chemic properties, the fertility in soil is higher, the enzyme activity is high with the microorganism vitality, the ratio of bacteria to fungi is stable and the general soil fertility is highest among three treatments in this experiment. The processed chicken fertilizer often used in the production to make the soil's acidity more strong. The soil nutrient contains is in the middle of three base-fertilizers in this experiment and the performance of the enzyme activity is good. The soil had great population of bacteria, but the fungi quantity is excessive which may cause the multiplication of germina. As base-fertilizer, the slowed-release fatty had positive influence on soil fast-effect nutrient, but the organism quality is small, the soil enzyme activity with microorganism activity both low. Soil EC, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and organic matters were significantly negative related to the soil pH. Soil total nitrogen was positive significantly related to soil available nutrient. Furthermore, soil organic matters could promote the increasing of the soil available nutrient, and the equilibrium of soil nutrient is highly important. We can find the soil treated by organic manure has extensive nutrient and high fertility.The result of plant's growth and fruit quality indicated that the plants handled by straw organic fertilizer were stronger and highher with higher absorbency of roots and net photosynthetic rate. The fruit was also biggest with highest total yield among this experiment.The tomato fruit's nutrition contents Vc, soluble solid matters, soluble sugar, free amino-acid and the ratio of sugar to acid were significantly higher than the other base-fatties. The fruit quality of slowed-release fatty was lower than that of organic manures. And the content of nitrate and nitrite was larger which is v/ithin the range of national product security. The fruit quality indexes of processed chicken fertilizer were in the middle of three treatments.The correlation between soil nutrition and tomato fruit quality, yield was analyzed in the experiment. The results indicated that tomato yield was significantly related to soil organic matter, available phosphorus, total nitrogen and available potassium. The number of fruit per region was significantly related to soil organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium. Among the indexes of tomato quality, Vc, soluble sugar and soluble solid matter were significantly affected by soil physical-chemical properties. With the increase of this soil nutrition content, the fruit nutrition components of tomato increased remarkably. The content of nitrate and nitrite was positively related to soil organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium. Therefore, in planting offruit-vegetables, the accumulation of soil organic matters, the equilibrium of phosphorus and potassium have important action on high-quality product. The increase of soil enzyme activity and microorganism amount indirectly bring positive effects on fruit quality and yield by promoting nutrition circulation courses.Synthetically, the straw organic fertilizer is a relatively good base-fertilization, which have positive function on soil and plants. Because of the negative effects on the soil environment after using the same base-fatty long-term, in the course of production we should make use of cooperation of organic-inorganic fertilizer according to the actual circumstance to attain the ideal result. In this way, we can assure the high quality,... |
PDF Full Text Request