| The scientific and technical level of facility cultivation is low in our country. And the management is always relying on the traditional experience and manual operation with hard work and low efficiency.Its water and fertilizer management is more extensive, and lacking of quantitative indicators and complete sets of technology. Along with the progress of science and technology, the greenhouse vegetables of our country is moving towards structural normalization, layout regionalization, equipment mechanization, cultivation standardization and management industrialization direction. Research and development of light and simplified, precise cultivation mode and its supporting technology is of great significance from the perspective of resource saving, environment friendly.This experiment studied the effects of nutrient solution concentration, irrigation frequency on growth and development, physiological metabolism, yield and quality, water and fertilizer using efficiency of tomato based on the elevated pot culture system of closed-cycle and3-cluster topping method in greenhouse. The main results as follows:1. The effects of three kinds of nutrient solution concentration (4/4x;3/4x;2/4x:4/4,3/4,2/4dose Yamazaki special formula and universal microelement nutritious liquid) on growth and development, physiological metabolism, yield and quality, water and fertilizer using efficiency of tomato under the condition of continuous loop of irrigation were studied. The plant height, stem diameter, leaf area were gradually increased along with the increase of nutrient solution concentration, while the differences between4/4x and3/4x was not significant. The photosynthetic rate and root activity of3/4x were significantly higher than other treatments. The yield of’Qidali’and’Luomei’under3/4x increased by9.9%and4.1%respectively compared with2/4x. And the soluble sugar, soluble protein, organic acid and lycopene content of the fruit significantly increased. The yield and fruit quality had no significant difference between3/4x and4/4x.2. Using3/4dose Yamazaki special formula and universal microelement nutritious liquid, the effects of different irrigation frequency (continuous irrigation; intermittent irrigation for 15min/15min; intermittent liquid for30min/30min) on growth and development, physiological metabolism, yield and quality, water and fertilizer using efficiency of tomato were studied. The results showed that the plant growth, photosynthetic rate, root activity of intermittent feed liquid (15min/15min;30min/30min) were significantly increased compared with continuous feed liquid. The yield of’Qidali’increased by6.3%and5.5%respectively, and the yield of’Luomei’increased by10.3%and8.0%. The content of soluble sugar, soluble protein and lycopene in intermittent liquid for30min/30min improved significantly than intermittent liquid for15min/15min. The intermittent feed liquid of30min/30min improved the quality significantly.3. The absorption rate and absorption of water and N, P, K of tomato increased gradually with the increase of nutrient solution concentration. The absorption rate of water and N, P, K showed a monopeak curve in whole developing stage. And their maximum all appeared in the period of third ear flowering to the first spike turn color. It was a high linear correlation between daily solar radiation and the uptake rate of water and fertilizer. The cumulative amount of water and fertilizer were in’S’trend along with the accumulation of solar radiation. There ralations could build’Logistic’regression equations, and its R2is more than0.96.4. Using3/4dose Yamazaki special formula and universal microelement nutritious liquid, the effects of different irrigation volume (75%X;100%X;150%X;200%X. The X is the water absorption of plant in different growth stage under the condition of continuous irrigation) on growth and development, physiological metabolism, yield and quality, water and fertilizer using efficiency of tomato by consisting of solar radiation (500kw/m2) was studied. The results showed that, the water and fertilizer efficiency of75%X was no obvious difference compare with100%X. The75%X inhibited plant growth, and made photosynthetic rate down.Its yield decreased5.3%compared with100%X. The150%X and200%X promoted plant growth, but had no significant yield increase. These two treatments decreased the content of soluble solid, soluble sugar, Vc and lycopene, while the use efficiency of water, N, P, and K decreased2.0%and5.2%,10.5%and15.8%,5.5%and12.5%,10%and15%respectively. |
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