| Background:The special sugar element, Saccharicterpenin, is a chemical additive with valued biological activity extracted from the seed of a plant (Canellia L.). It has a yellowish-brown color, and is a tiny shaped crystal. It is composed of carbohydrate, glucoside and organic acid. Its effective components are mainly the Triterpenoid Saponin and the carbohydrate. Saccharicterpenin has been used with a great value as a food additive to substitute antibiotics in the area of animal husbandry, because the widespread use of antibiotics causes chemical residual and drug tolerance. There are a lot of studies of Saccharicterpenin in China regarding its biological activity and the immunological action on animals, but no research has been done overseas.In the studies of domestic chicken, Saccharicterpenin has been found to have high activity of anti-oxidation, antibacterial, and to increase a chicken ability to deal with stress. It also enhances the chicken survival rate, growth speed, and immune system to fight against multiple diseases. Many studies proved that Saccharictepenin can significantly increase the chicken immune function, including enhancement of the chicken lymphocyte conversion rate, the INFr and IL-2 production, the IgG content. When a chicken suffers from the Far disease, the C3b receptor, which is located on the red blood cell membrane, is much lower than that of a healthy chicken.The C3b receptor can combine the C3b to form a complex which promotes, through the immune adhesive effect, the activity of phagocytosis. Saccharicterpenin can significantly enhance the red blood cell membrane C3b receptor rosette rate, which reduces the chicken mortality rate from the Far disease. Fed with Sacchareiterpenin, the lymphocytes in lymphatic tissue and the spleen are significantly increased in Guifei chicken, which indicates increased immune activity. Saccharicterpenin can significantly increase the chicken cell cAMP concentration and the cAMP/cGMP ratio to improve the immune function. Triterpenoid Saponin has a cough suppresant, fever reducer, and anti-inflammatory effect. It can also release the suppression to the immune system from stress, and reduces the body sensitivity to the stress.There are many reports that Saccharicterpenin can improve the non-specific immune activity of mammals. Saccharicterpenin can stimulate macrophages from both the healthy and immune suppressed mice to produce NO, which can help the animal immune system. Using MTT test, Saccharicterpenin can significantly increase NK cell activity of mice. But there are very few reports regarding the effect of Saccharicterpenin on the specific immune function on mammals.Object:In order to explore the effect of Saccharicterpenin on the mammal specific immune function, we did the following studies on both cellular and humoral immune activity using NIH mice as a model: effect on mice T cell proliferation; effect on antibody and cytokine production; and effect on T-cell sub-group activity.Method:The NIH mice were divided into group A and group B. Group A mice were fed with the regular food, and group B mice were fed with food containing Saccharicterpenin. (1) At day 20, 40 and 60, blood from the mice of both groups were collected and the serum was separated to measure the cytokine levels, and the spleen cells from the mice of both groups were collected to perform the proliferation test using MTT. (2)Using ELISA test to measure the cytokine levels of both theserum and the spleen cell culture fluid in mice. (3) The solution containing 20% sheep red blood cells was injected into both groups of mice, and the injection was repeated in 8 days. Then the blood from both groups of mice was collected to perform the compliment-hemolysis test, and to determine the anti-sheep red blood cell antibody titer. (4) Heparinized blood samples from 10 mice of both groups were collected, and the T-cell subgroup CD3~+CD4~+ and CD3~+CD8~+ was measured by flow-cytometry, using FITC labeled the anti-mouse CD3~+CD4~+ and CD3~+CD8~+ monoclonal antibody respectively. The experimental dat...
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