| Chilo supperssalis (Walker) is one of the most important pests of rice plant, and is widely distributed at the major rice production areas in China. It was almost one thousand years since the large losses of our rice damaged by Asian stem borer had been recorded. Asian stem borer is polyphagic and has 2~5 generations on different host plants in one year. What's more, the interactions between Asian stem borer and its hosts increase its genetic aberrance. Therefore, it will bring the more difficulties for the controls of Asian stem borer.This paper dealt with the larvae of Asian stem borer, and studied the genetic diversity among fifteen geographical populations using the methods of RAPD and AFLP. Meanwhile, the genetic diversity among ten generations of Asian stem borer collected from three geographical populations was analysed using AFLP method. The results were as follows:The analysis of RAPD indicated that there was a given genetic diversity which was close to the geographical distance; there was an obvious genetic diversity among different geographical populations, especially between south and north populations. The genetic similarity index of fifteen different geographical populations varied from 0.50858 to 0.97862 and the range of genetic distance was from 0.02138 to 0.49142 and the average genetic distance was 0.22306. The genetic distance between the two populations from Wuhan, Hubei province and Shuangliu, Sichuan province was 0.02138 which was the shortest among all populations; the genetic distance between the two populations from Wuchang, Heilongjiang province and Shaoguan, Guangdong province was 0.49142 which was the longest.According to AFLP method, the results showed that AFLP was consistent with RAPD. The analysis of AFLP indicated that there was a certain genetic diversity, and...
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