The High-Yield Cultivation Techniques And Nutritional Composition Of Zanthoxylum Bungeanum In Fengxian County, Shaanxi

Chinese prickly ash tree(Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim), which originally grows in China, belongs to family Rutaceae, and it is one of the important species of the tree for flavors, wood oil and spice. Focusing on the key production technologies of the prickly ash tree seed in Fengxian County, (such as the technology of the orchid building, directions of the fertilization, pest control, and the analysis of the nutrition on the gent leaf and the bark), a lots of the researches have been done, and some achievements have been resulted as the following: 1. Factors affecting on the survival rate and growth. The comparison trials of the orchid building on the membrane coving with the branch tightening, root dipping in the material of preservation of the soil moisture and different bare roots, having been done in different seasons and altitudes in Fengxian County, the results show: the survival rate in Spring is 36 percent higher than it in Autumn, the survival rate of 15 cm height standard seedlings is 34 percent higher than other ones, and the practices of such technologies which are the membrane coving with the branch tightening, root dipping in the material of preservation of the soil moisture, are the effective measures to improve the survival rate, resulting 26 percent and 18 percent in difference. The better height is less than 6 cm, and the better period is less that 6 hours for the bare root in the orchid building, the membrane coving with the branch tightening impacts more on the growth of the tree, and enhances significantly the yield, but the material of preservation of the soil moisture and the different period of exposure for the bare root impact less on the growth of the tree. These above conclusions provide the scientific basis for the high yield orchid building. 2.Best directions for the fertilization. The best directions for the fertilization result from the trials. The yield grows gradually when the proportion of the element Potassium is between the range of 0.00 to 0.31, but the yield reduces gradually when the range is 0.4 to 1.00. The best directions is N:P:K=(0.398～0.413):(0.298~0.313):(0.286~0.289), and this conclusion provides the scientific basis for the culture of high quality and high yield tree in Fengxian County. 3. The spatial distribution of Leptopsalta yamashitai in the soil. The preliminary assumption result by frequency comparisons shows that the adult presents the distribution of Possion, and the young presets less distinct distribution in vertical, horizontal and different positions, but they show the distribution of surface concentration and centrifugal characters in the soil. These results provide the theoretic basis for the pest control. 4. The nutrition composition on the tender leaf and bark. By analyse, the tender leaf contains protein 87.3 g, carbohydrate 21.1 g, fibrin 15.8 g, carotene 179.6mg, adipose 8.41g, vitamin B 11.23 mg, vitamin D 34.67μg, and the nutritional elements such as calcium, iron, phosphorus are 933 mg,73mg and 1700mg per kilogram, and the total amount of the 17 kinds of the ammonia acid is 244.78g, the results indicate that the tender leaf is available to develop as a fresh table dish with its valuable rich nutrition and special favor. The total 253.8g materials, which are soluble in the alcohols, are abstracted from the shell of the seeds per kilogram, the un-volatile abstracted ether substance, volatile oil, protein, nutritional elements, and the total amount of the ammonia acid are 123.5g,52.0g,122.0g; 8.95g,2.76g, 312.2mg and 59.3g in part. The weight of the alcoholic soluble substance, the un-volatile abstracted ether substance and the volatile oil, which are abstracted in Fengxian County, rank the second, the third, and first in part among the 11 regions where are the production area for such tree, and the general result which compiled with these three factors ranks first. The testing results show that the indicators of the main compositions are head the lists, which demonstrate the bright future for the production in Fengxian County, all these researches and testing results provide the theoretic basis for the industrialized production and the building of large scale demonstrated production base in Fengxian County.