Study On The Reasonable Use Of Water Resources In Zhanghe Irrigation District

With the increase of population, the development of social economy and the improvement of living standard, peoples require more and more water of high quality. In China, waste, pollution and lack of water resource are concurring. The extrusive contradiction between water supply and demand is so conspicuous that it restricts the sustainable development of social economy in most areas of the country. So, optimal allocation of water resources and improving the efficiency of water utilization and realizing sustainable use of water resources become the most important tasks of the researches and workers of irrigation and drainage engineering in the 21st century. The author has read many articles about forecast of water resource, optimal allocation of water resouce, saving water irrigation and using of pond, and chosen Zhanghe Irrigation District, where is short of water, as the study target. In this study, the major research subjects include: forecasting of water resources in the future; optimal allocation of water resources among different sectors; analyses of the current situation and development tendency of saving-water irrigation; and the role of the small -and- middle sized water facilities in irrigation. The main contents of this dissertation are as following:(1) On the basis of Summary of the basic characteristics of water resources and the problems in water utilization in China, the current situation of water resources rational use domestic and abroad are analyzed to lay a foundation for the study.(2) The general condition of the natural geography and social economy, the characteristics of water resources and the water facilities in Zhanghe Irrigation District are analyzed. Then, based on sustainable development of water resource system, the water requirements of agriculture, industry and living in cities and countryside of the Zhanghe Irrigation District are forecasted according to the development planning and water use quotas of different sectors, and the water balance between supply and demand is analyzed.(3) Based on the the optimal allocation theories of water resources, the model of optimal allocation of water resources in Zhanghe Irrigation District is developed and tested, and the parameters of the model are calibrated. Then, the results of optimal allocation of water resource are analyzed and evaluated.(4) The connotation, significance, the applications and development tendency of water-saving irrigation are expatiated, and the applications, development tendency and the problems ofwater-saving irrigation in Zhanghe Irrigation District are analyzed.Then, the influences of Fees-to-Taxes on the production of paddy rice are studied in detail.(5) The roles of the middle and small water facilities in irrigation are analyzed, and the irrigation function of ponds is studied deeply.(6) The main results of this study are summarized, and the future study plan is suggested.