| By means of randomly sampling and systematic analysis to soil specimens from Hunan tobacco plantation districts, and based on tobacco nutrition characteristics, soil nutrition contents, field experimental outcomes and main nutrient factors' interactions, we studied the formulas and their application effects of tobacco active-organic-inorganic special fertilizer, the organism fermentation and production process. The main results were as follows:1. Nutrition contents and their distribution traits of Hunan tobacco plantation districts were revealed. The contents of organism, instant N,P, Mg and Zn nearly met the need for tobacco cultivation in all districts. But the effective B showed a very low level with the content of 0.2mg·kg-1, about 96% soils were short of this nutrient. Different districts showed big differences in nutrition contents and their distribution characteristics. Southern part showed higher N, P, Zn contents, with numbers of 226.3 mg·kg-1,25.89 mg·kg-1,and 2.97 mg·kg-1 respctively. 78.7% soil was short of effective k with a mean content of 92.5 mg·kg-1, and 36.7% soil was short in Mn Supply in this district. For western part, the effective N and P showed lower levels with the numbers of 120.0 mg·kg-1 and 8.52 mg·kg-1. 36.28%and 62.8% soils were short of P and Zn respectively in this region. K and Mn were affluent in this district with the contents of 176.48 mg·kg-1 and 37.5mg·kg-1 respectively. Mg was Seriously Short in soils of eastern and northern parts.2. New active-organic-inorganic special fertilizer formulas were screened for tobacco seed and plant growth accordingly, and new processes were created for these fertilizer production. Aiming at improving tobacco fragrance amount, by means of adjusting proportions of N, P, K and mediate and scarce factors, and by using activeaddictives, new special fertilizer formulas were obtained for different districts. New mass production processes included the semi-closed pile fermentation method and thedirect phosphate mineral production method.3. Functional mechanism of the special fertilizer in tobacco growth was clarified. The chlorophyll content and root activity, index were much higher in treatment than the control, with the number of 7.8% and 4.9-/20.7% respectively. The nitratase and starch hydrolase activities were 54.27ug h'Vg^FW. min'1 and 6.7 mg-g'1 Fw-min'1, which were 27.2% and 20.0% higher than the control respectively. The treated tobacco plants showed strong growth and low climate dot disease percentage(45.0 48.0%) and index (0.16), while the control plants showed a high percentage (>70.0%) and index (0.20) in climate dot disease.4. The active-organic-inorganic special fertilizer application enabled to improve tobacco yield and quality. The average yield increase was 5.8%, the average value increase was 724.0—4586.2 RMB-hm"2, the mediate-upper grade leaf and upper grade leaf ratios were 90.7% and 35.7% respectively, which were 6.2% and 5.0% higher than the control respectively. In the meantime, the treated tobacco leaf showed a better internal quality and industrial usability.
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