The Research Of Preventing And Handling For The Problems Of Sediment And Salinization In Yellow Diversion Irrigated Area

The irrigated area is an important foundation facilities for the development of our country agriculture and village economy, and the Yellow diversion irrigated area have a prominent position and function in the Yellow River downstream. The irrigated area, which in the Yellow River downstream, is mainly distributed below Xinhekou, it involves 21 urban (district), and more than 60 county (city, district) in the both of Shandong and Henan province. There are 100 culvert gates and 5 siphons, the design diversion capacity is 4200 m~3/s, design irrigated area is 3,327,000 hm~2, and the effective irrigated area is 1,611,000 hm~2 , it is the most artesian irrigated area in our country. The irrigated area, with geography flatness, is an importance part in Yellow Huai Hai large plain. It is the important region of territory resources development of our country in the near future, and is the main area of grain cotton for both of Shandong and Henan province. It has a great potential for 350,000 hm~2 undeveloped land in estuarine region.The Yellow River is a high silt-laden ones, water diversion must take sand from the Yellow River. The problem, such as sediment and salinization, is both of key factor to influence Yellow diversion irrigated area development, the water resources in the Yellow River brings benefits to us while it brings perplex to us. Based on the basic data of 39 large size the irrigated area in the Yellow River downstream, this paper has analyzed the present condition of the irrigated area water resources development and water ecosystem environment, and studied the present condition, regulation and contribution factor of sediment deposition, then, brought to problem between the irrigated area development and farm irrigation, and found the main problem which restricting irrigating development. To counter the general conditions of the irrigated area, such as the construction irrational of water resources developing, water ecosystem environment worsen, silt disaster and latent Salinization of soil, in the Yellow River downstream, this paper has built dispatching function of irrigating water, defined restrained condition of function, and built the equilibrium equation between the water and salt at the irrigated area with using hydraulic principle and analyzing the relation between the water and sand, water and salt. At last, this paper has researchedoperating and distributing regulation between the water and salt of the irrigated area in the Yellow River downstream, put forward a dispatching program for water and sand of irrigated area and researched technique of sand handling and utilizing.Weishan irrigated area is the largest Yellow diversion one in the Yellow River downstream, this paper has completely analyzed the conditions of operating and water resources, sediment deposition present condition and characteristics though collecting the detailed data of Weishan irrigation district, carried out the dispatching research of surface water and under ground water, combining with the irrigation district water resources dispatching model, which built in the paper, carried out the application research of water and salt equilibrium relation of Weishan irrigated district, combining with salt content square, and put forward a opinion for the desilting basin reforming and canal adjusting, combing with applying sediment handling and dispatching technique to silt stable calculation of Weishan irrigation district.According to the science development principle of taking human being as basis, setting up the harmonious society and balanced coordination development, this paper has adjusted thought of agriculture development and farm irrigation, changed from pure pursuit highest farm crop single yield to pursue biggest irrigated area synthesize performance and harmonious development, and pay attention to developing continuously of the agriculture, economy and society in irrigated area, it would be a realistic meaning for the development of Yellow diversion irrigated area in the Yellow River downstream, and it also has reference value for other size irrigated area development.