Studies On The Cultivation Techniques For The New Rice Cultivars Developed By Space Mutation And Their Extending In Wenzhou

Space mutation breeding played an important role in cultivating new cultivars, showed excellent developing trends and could make great progress in agriculture. In this paper, the progress and achievements in space mutation breeding in the world were reviewed, and the planting technology suitable to new cultivars got by space mutation was analyzed and summarized in order to get higher yield, better trait and to develop agriculture persistently. The main results were showed as follows:1. Several rice cultivars developed by space mutation, adapted to Wenzhou, were selected according to the introducing experiment and demonstrating test, and several outstanding cultivars, such as Zhongzheyou 1, Teyouhang 1, II Youhang 1, Yanyou 1, Hangtian 36 and Zaodaozhe 101 were great potential in practice in Wenzhou.2. The growth characters of the hybrid rice cultivar Zhongzheyou 1, and normal rice cultivars, Hangtian 36, Ganwanxian 33 and ZaodaozhelOl, were studied in detail, the conformable planting system was established and key planting technology for Zhongzheyou 1 in the south of Zhejiang was also solved. Taken the new cultivar as a core, a planting technology system that was adapted to the Wenzhou ecological environment was summarized and established. And the system was as follows: seedingtime, plenteous seedlings, fertilization and irrigation properly, disease and pest controlling, and optimizing cropping system.3. The results showed that, those like Zhezhongyou 1, Yanyou 1 and some other rice cultivar developed by the method of space mutation with temperature sensitive hybrids should planted to increase their growth, such as sowing and tasseled earlier, which was in favor of grouting and burliness in the late phase to get a higher yield. From 5 June to 25 June, for Zhongzheyou 1, every 5 days earlier in sowing will led to 3 days earlier in time of all plants grouting, which was 3-4 days earlier than that of Yanyou 1. The growth period of Zhongzheyou 1 and Yanyou 1 were 5-6 days longer than that of Shanyou 63's and they were suitable to the single crop system in Wenzhou. In order to satisfy the longer growth period in the south of Zhejiang, planting time should be a little earlier (before 21 June) and be sure that all the plantscould have spikes. Middle growth period rice could be planted as short growth period one, so that more spikes were grown. To a certain range, the yield could be increased with the plants density. The seedlings should be transplanted when they were 16 days and planted sparsely to some extent, so each plant could grow fully. As the ablity of Zhongzheyou 1 in the trait of anti-falling, fertilization and irrigation should be carried out scientifically. The combination of N, P and K should be properly, so that the stems would be stronger enough to standing in order to increase the ablity of anti-falling. Zhongzheyou 1 with the trait of good quality which resisanted to the disease of rice blast and brow planthopper, and meddle resistaned to Bacterial leaf blight, it was suitable to be planted in the regions of plain, ? maintain area and semi-maintanit area in Wenzhou. The disease resistant ablity of Yanyou 1 was between Zhongzheyou 1 and Shanyou 63, and diseases and insect pest contrlling was important for this cultivar. Teyouhang 1 and II Youhang 1 had stronger ability in resistance of plant falling, and more fertilizer may be satisfied in their growth characters. Through enough basic fertilization and some other fertilizing methods, it was possible to get a high yield. These two cultivar had the character in resisance to rice blast, but were sensitive to Bacterial diseases. They were suitable to plant in disease free regions in Wenzhou. Hangtian 36, Ganwanxian 33 and Zaodaozhe 101 all had high yield when planted in Wenzhou, their growth periods were also adapted to Wenzhou, they had stronger ability in disease resistance, and their rice quality was good. Hangtian 36 could be treated as a remediation crop when disaster happened, because it was not sensitive to be planted season.4. The main experience to plant rice cultivars developed by the method of space mutation in Wenzhou was summarized in this paper. New approaches to transform science and technology achievements were discussed primarily. A new method to develop space mutation rice was put forward, which includes the method so called best cultivar with best cultivation.