The Tissue Culture And Establishment Of Plant Regeneration System Of Mature Embryo Of Oat

Tissue culture and plant regeneration of mature embryo as explants from diploid Avena nudibrevis, tetraploid Avena magna and hexaploid Avena sativa cv.Yanke No.1 was studied. The main results were as follows:1. The more lower the chromosome ploidy was, the more harder the induction and subculture of callus was. The callus differentiation and plant regeneration of tetraploid Avena magna was more difficult than hexaploid Avena sativa cv. Yanke No.1.2. The way that embryo was placed upwards and scutellum tounched completely medium was propitious to the frequency of callus induction.3. Treating seeds at low temperature 5℃had certain effect on callus induction, the effect depended on varieties and treatment time. The treating for 6 days was suitable for Yanke No.1 and Avena magna, and their callus frequency reached 98.51% and 89.66% respectively.4. The first factor that influenced callus formation was genotype; the second was growth regulator, and the third was organic nutrient content and sucrose. The addition of KT went against callus formation; 6-BA played a key role in callus differentiation of Avena magna and the ratio of cytokinin to auxin was 2:1. NAA played a key role in callus differentiation of Yanke No.1 and the ratio of cytokinin to auxin was 3:1.5. Dry treatment improved callus differentiation of Yanke No.1 and the frequency of green shoot differentiation was increased from 19.05% to 54.55%.6. Orthogonal design improved experimental efficiency and precision, which was a good way for selection and optimization of callus induction medium and differentiation medium. The tissue culture and plant regeneration system of mature embryo from Yanke No.1 and Avena magna were established in the experiments, and regeneration plants were obtained.