Effect Of Microbial Organic Fertilizer On The Growth, Yield And Quality Of Tomato

Tomato is one of the vegetables whose cultivation area is the largest in our country. And tomato demands for large numbers of mineral elements because of its fast growth and high yield. Notwithstanding fertilizer can maintain tomato production, the use of much fertilizer results in decreasing of quality and a series of serious entironment problems. At the same time, traditional manure and microbial fertilizer also exist the limits to fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, the effect of microbial organic fertilizer on the growth and development, yield, quality, absorption and distribution of nutrition elements of tomato and the improvement of physical and chemical characteristics of soil were studied.The experimental material was tomato"144". Four treatments were applied: T1 (standard fertilizer application, N 40kg·(667m2)-1, P2O5 20kg·(667m2)-1, K2O 60kg·(667m2)-1), T2 (microbial organic fertilizer application with the same price as T1, containing N 20.4kg·(667m2)-1, P2O5 13.6kg·(667m2)-1, K2O 30.6kg·(667m2)-1), T3 (the mixture of microbial organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer with the same content of N, P, K as T1, first making the same P2O5 content as T1, then using K2SO4 and urea as complement), T4 (the same content of N, P, K and assorted application as T3, but not zymogen added in the process of producing microbial organic fertilizer). In the meantime, the morphological and physiological characteristics changes of tomato were studied to offer the scientific theoretical foundation to the spread of new pattern fertilizer and the production of all wool and a yard wide vegetables. The main results were as follows:1. Microbial organic fertilizer had an obvious effect on the tomato's growth. Among the treatments, T3's change was the most remarkable in the aspect of plant height, stem width, fresh weight of root, stem, leaf and fruit. For example, the plant height of T3 was 172.3cm on July, 4 and more than T1, T2 and T4 by 20.7cm, 13.6cm and 4.5cm respectively, meanwhile the fresh weight of stem and leaf by 19.5%, 14.4% and 7.2%.2. The mixed application of microbial organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer could increase chlorophyll content, heighten photosynthetic rate, prolong the period of high-light-effect, enhance photosynthetic power and augment photosynthetic matter accumulated. For instance, the Pn of T3 was higher than T1, T2 and T4 by 7.3, 5.8 and 2.8μmolCO2·m-2·s-1 respectively at 10:00 on July 5.3. Microbial organic fertilizer could significantly enhance the fastness of tomato.