Effects Of Applying Bio-organic Fertilizer On Tomato Growth And Soil Under Reduced Fertilizer Application

As a nutritious and delicious food,tomato is widely cultivated all over the world.Xinjiang has become the first tomato production and processing base in Asia due to its unique geographical conditions.Tomatoes grown in Xinjiang are mostly processed tomatoes used for making ketchup,and the amount of planting is large.This requires ensuring the quality while ensuring the yield.Tomato has a large demand for fertilizer throughout the growth cycle,especially after colonization,it will absorb a large amount of nutrients from the soil.The proper use of chemical fertilizer can significantly improve the quality of tomato and increase the yield of tomato,but long-term excessive application of chemical fertilizer will aggravate agriculture.Non-point source pollution leads to problems such as soil acidification and stagnation,increased salinization,decreased organic matter content,decreased fertility,increased incidence of pests and diseases,and affecting soil microbial stability.Bio-organic fertilizer is a new type of bio-fertilizer in the development of modern agriculture.It has been processed by special techniques and is rich in microbial live bacteria.It can be widely used in the cultivation of various vegetables,crops and fruit trees to achieve soil quality.Gradually improve,the plant grows well,the fruit quality rises,and the yield is increased.The two microbial preparations S-13(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)and NCD-2(Bacillus subtilis)selected in this experiment have obvious effects on growth and disease resistance in the application test on cucumber,tomato and pepper in greenhouse.They reached 13.5%,12.8% and 17.5% respectively.After application of the microbial agent,the soluble sugar and organic acid content of tomato increased by 24% and 23%,respectively,thus improving the taste and flavor of tomato fruit and improving the quality of tomato.In this study,the light room and the field test will be carried out separately.In the light room test,the fertilizer application amount was50%,and S-13 and NCD-2 bio-organic fertilizers were added.The light chamber was cultured in groups,and the chemical properties of the soil after fertilization and the biomass and growth index of tomato seedlings were determined..After seedling test,NCD-2 bio-organic fertilizer can effectively improve soil nutrients and promotetomato plant growth.In order to further verify this result,field experiment was carried out,and the amount of chemical fertilizer used in the experiment was reduced by 30%,50% and 100%.According to the reduction ratio,NCD-2 bio-organic fertilizer was added,and the randomized block design was used.The soil samples and tomato fruits were randomly sampled to determine the chemical properties of the soil after fertilization,and the soil microbial quantity and rhizosphere soil microbial diversity were studied.The study also measured the biomass of the tomato plants and the nutritional quality,yield and incidence of the fruit.The main results are as follows:1.Through the light room and field test results,it was found that the bio-organic fertilizer added with NCD-2 bacteria had a significant effect on increasing soil nutrients.Among them,in the field experiment,the fertilizer ratio was 50% fertilizer+ 50% NCD-2 bio-organic.The soil organic matter content of fertilizer increased by37.35% compared with conventional fertilizer application,and the soil available K content of 100% bio-organic fertilizer increased by 44.94% compared with conventional fertilizer application.2.Field test results show that 100% application of bio-organic fertilizer can significantly increase the number of culturable bacteria in the soil.In the fruit-planting period of tomato,the number of bacteria is about 7 times that of conventional chemical fertilizer treatment,but the application of bio-organic fertilizer will not Affects the number of actinomycetes and fungi in the soil.At the same time,100% application of bio-organic fertilizer treatment of microbial activity,community species uniformity and utilization of six major types of carbon sources are higher than other treatments.This indicates that the application of bio-organic fertilizer can significantly increase the amount and activity of culturable microorganisms in the soil.3.In the light room and field experiment,the application of bio-organic fertilizer can significantly increase the biomass and growth index of tomato plants.Among them,the fresh weight and dry weight of the treatment in the light room test with 50%fertilizer + 50% NCD-2 bio-organic fertilizer increased by 30.61% and 145.77%,respectively,compared with conventional fertilizer application.In the field experiment,the ratio of fertilizer to 70% fertilizer + 30% NCD-2 bio-organic fertilizer compared with conventional fertilizer application,the fresh weight on the ground and the dry weight on the ground increased by 15.6% and 13.08%,respectively.Compared with conventional chemical fertilizers,the treatment of 50% fertilizer +50% NCD-2 bio-organic fertilizer increased the dry weight of the lower part of the ground and the dry weight of the lower part of the ground by 12.51% and 7.19%,respectively.4.In the field experiment,it was found that 100% application of bio-organic fertilizer can significantly improve the quality of tomato.The application of bio-organic treatment will not cause the decrease of tomato yield,but will reduce the incidence of tomato umbilical rot.Among them,the treatment of 100% bio-organic fertilizer increased the total acid and vitamin content by 25.26% and 24.95%,respectively,and the fertilizer ratio was 70% fertilizer + 30% NCD-2 bio-organic fertilizer treatment.The soluble sugar content increased by 17.2% compared with conventional fertilizer application.The prevalence of fertilizer treatment with 50%fertilizer + 50% NCD-2 bio-organic fertilizer is half that of conventional fertilizer application,and other methods of applying bio-organic fertilizer also reduce the prevalence to varying degrees.This paper discusses the effects of bio-organic fertilizer instead of conventional fertilizer on tomato growth and soil,and the determination of soil nutrient transformation,culturable microbial quantity and activity,and tomato fruit nutrient quality,yield and morbidity by reducing the application of chemical fertilizers combined with bio-organic fertilizer.Impact.It provides an application and theoretical basis for reducing fertilizer application and improving soil quality,enhancing soil microbial activity,promoting tomato plant growth and development,improving tomato quality,stabilizing existing yield,and reducing the incidence of tomato umbilical rot.According to the comprehensive analysis,in the processing of tomato planting,the application of bio-organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer can not only reduce the application rate of chemical fertilizer,but also improve the soilnutrient content,increase the growth and quality of tomato fruit,and significantly reduce tomato.The incidence of umbilical rot,which laid the foundation for the reduction of chemical fertilizers and the application of bio-organic fertilizers in the green sustainable development of processed tomato planting industry.