Effect Of Mineral Elements On The Physiology Of Mushroom

Mineral elements, also known as major elements, play an important role in physiology of plants and Mushroom. Pleurotus ostreatus, a kind of white rot fungies, decompose the cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, starch and other macromolecules into small molecules for their growth by secreting various extracellular enzymes. The mineral elements have a close relationship with the activity of extracellular enzyme and formation of fruiting body. In this paper, using the heipingwang as test strain, we add different concentrations of phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, calcium and magnesium into the medium in three different period, naming plating, fermentation and cultivation .The optimal elements and amount for the best growth of Pleurotus ostreatus were determined by measuring enzyme activity and the content of elements. We use SPSS 13.0 software to get Correlation Analysis, and the main results are as follows:During the periods of plating and fermentation, the optimal adding concentration of potassium and phosphorus are 0.086% and 0.046% respectively, in which the activities of carboxymethyl cellulase, amylase, protein content and element uptaking are all highest , while the contents of Proline and vitamin C, two stress indicators, are lower; The optimal adding concentration of magnesium is 0.01%, amylase, in which the rate of mycelium growth, activity of carboxymethyl cellulose and content of protein are or close to the maximum, while the contents of Proline and vitamin C, two stress indicators, are lower; The optimal adding concentration of calcium and sulfur is 0.0097% and 0.026% respectively, in which the activity of amylase and carboxyl methyl cellulose, rate of mycelium growth, biomass and protein content are or close to the maximum, while the contents of Proline and vitamin C, two stress indicators, are lower;During the periods of cultivation, the concentration of 0.2% potassium is better, although in which the rate of mycelial growth rate is slower, the activity of laccase and rate of decomposition of lignin are both higher and yield of fruit body is also higher; the concentration of 0.2% phosphorus is better, although in which the rate of mycelial growth rate is slower, the activity of carboxymethyl cellulose and rate of decomposition of lignin are both higher and yield of fruiting body is also higher; Adding magnesium inhibit the activity of enzyme, rate of mycelial growth and yield of fruiting body because concentration of magnesium in local corn cob have already reached 616 .75μg / g. The more the adding magnesium are, the more extent of inhibition are. When we only take into account of yield of fruiting body and rate of mycelial growth, content of calcium should be controlled into 1%. However, activities of laccase and cellulose are higher when concentration calcium is 1.5%. Determining the contents of elements, we find that black King Ping have a stronger enrichment of calcium during the periods of plating, fermentation and cultivation; The optimal adding concentration of sulfur is 0.1%, in which the activity of amylase and carboxyl methyl cellulose, rate of mycelium growth, protein content and yield of fruiting body are or close to the maximum, while the contents of Proline and vitamin C, two stress indicators, are lower. So in the process of cultivation, we’d better to control the concentration of sulfur into 0.1%.