Assessment Of Genetic Diversity Of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum Spp.) Germplasm Resources

The buckwheat is an important crop of Fagopyrum genus in the tribe polygonaceae belonging to the family polygonaceae. It is the only cultivated species for food in the family. Buckwheat can be used as food as well as medicine. The objective of this work is to assess the genetic diversity of buckwheat germplasm and relationships between accessions and their origins in order to generate useful information for conservation and use of buckwheat genetic resources.This is the first time using ISSR to analyze buckwheat genetic diversity. A set of 91 common buckwheat accessions were analyzed by Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR), using 19 primers. In total, 508 visible bands were created, of which 462 were polymorphic, the percentage of polymorphic bands was 90.1%. A set of 79 tartary buckwheat accessions were analyzed by Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR), using 19 primers. In total, 546 visible bands were created, of which 506 were polymorphic, the percentage of polymorphic bands was 92.6%. According to the dendrogram by UPGMA cluster analysis using Nei's distance calculations based on ISSR data, all the accessions were distinct and revealed enough genetic diversity for identification and classification which revealed a strong relationship with the orgin of accessions. For example, common buckwheat accessions from Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Gansu clustered for each group. And tartary buckwheat accessions from Yunnan, Hubei and Qinghai cluatered for each group.The same set common buckwheat accessions were analyzed with Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), using 15 primer pairs. In total, 641 visible bands were created, of which 547 were polymorphic, the percentage of polymorphic bands was 85.3%. The same set of tartary buckwheat accessions were analyzed by Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), using 15 primer pairs. In total, 621 visible bands were created, of which 537 were polymorphic, the percentage of polymorphic bands was 86.5%. According to the dendrogram by UPGMA cluster analysis using Nei's distance calculations based on AFLP data, all the accessions were distinct and revealed enough genetic diversity for identification, but little geographical information was revealed.Comparing to the two results, we founded that they have some similarity but not very closely related. The genetic variability in tartary buckwheat was higher than in common buckwheat, and the two results proved this result. The bands in AFLP marker were more than in ISSR, but the percentage of polymorphic band in AFLP was lower than in ISSR. Some special accessions were identified by both methods. It was suggested that more research should be carried out on the identified special accessions and in the morphological evaluation of all accessions.