Study Of Key Techniques On Enhancing Appearance Quality Of 'Jinfeng Pear'

'Jinfeng pear', a well medium-late-maturing variety of pear, is cultivated by the Research Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. In order to explore the key matching technique for enhancing appearance quality of 'Jinfeng pear', the key techniques of artificial pollination, fruit-thinning, blossom-thinning, fruit-bagging and insect pest and disease control, were taken to investigate the influence of these different treatments on the appearance quality, including Fruit size, fruit skin color , smooth-faced degree , the size and number of fruit spot, fruit rust, fruit shape index, fruit uniformity , insect pest and plant disease occurrence etc.The results showed that the effects of various form-pruning techniques on the condition of aeration and transparence of tree body, the transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate of leaves, were obvious ,and the photosynthesis and photosynthetic efficiency of leaves were further affected as well, which resulted in the difference of appearance quality of fruit. The average single fruit weight and the fruit uniformity were increased, while fruit lustration decreased slightly in orchard, with the technique of crown-controlling and reforming. And the same technique ought to be adopted during the prime of fruit in Jinfeng pear' orchard. In addition, the branches should be controlled about 40000 pieces per mu after pruning in winter.Artificial pollination, aptly fruit-thinning and blossom-thinning technique had a obvious effect on average single fruit weight, wry fruit rate and fruit uniformity. Artificial pollination was of use in 'Jinfeng'. During the fruit-thinning and blossom-thinning of 'Jinfeng', the third or fourth flower (fruit) of inflorescence periphery was paid attention to reserving and the spaces between fruits were kept 25 cm .The fruit-bagged obviously led to the increase of temperature inside bag, the decrease of fruit rust and fruit spot size, the enhancement of smooth and clear degree of fruit and the improvement of appearance trait. There was 20 days for the 'Jinfeng' to be suitably bagged after its blossom dropped.In order to reduce the applications of chemical insecticides, the integrated control technique of plant diseases and pests was adapted during this study to control the main insect pest and disease in pear, such as pear scab, psyllid, oriental fruit moth, black rot of pear etc.