Studies On The Cutting Propagation Technique And Rooting Mechanisem Of Chaenomeles

The cutting propagation technique and rooting mechanism of Chaenomeles such as Chaenomeles Speciosa, Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne was studied on soft and hardwood cuttings,The aim of studies is to provide scientific basis and technological guide for Chaenomeles propagation, and to provide some reference value for other plants of Chaenomeles Lindl. The main results were as follows.The results of cutting propagating experiment showed that that rooting process by cuttings could be divided into three stages, .i e., formation of callus, induction of adventitious roots and elongation of the adventitious roots.The elution treatment by 3% Ethanol, 3% Ethanol+0.5% KMnO₄ were able to promote cuttings rooting effect of Chaenomeles Speciosa, Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne respectively. On the use of single hormone,media, For the hardwood cuttings in March, The best rooting rate for Chaenomeles Speciosa was the treatment in the substrate (pearlite and peat volume ratio as 2:1) with 100 mg/l NAA for 1hours, reached 51.1%, and for Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne was the treatment in the substrate (pearlite and vermiculite volume ratio as 2:1) with 500 mg/l IBA for 0.5 hours, reached 76.7%; For the softwood cuttings in August , The best rooting rate for Chaenomeles Speciosa was the treatment in the sand with 300 mg/l IBA for 0.5 hours, reached 61.1%, and for Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne was the treatment in the sand with 500 mg/l IBA for 10 minutes, reached 50%. The hardwood cutting effect of Chaenomeles from treatment by combinative hormones was better than that from hormone alone, both the Chaenomeles Speciosa and Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne, the better effect was obtained by treating for with IBA + NAA(57.8%),IBA + IAA(78.9%), and the rooting rate promote 26.7%,42.2% than CK respectively. The studying of rooting mechanism indicated that the activity of POD, PPO and IAAO correlated with rooting significantly. Exogenous hormone increased the activity of POD and PPO, and decreased the activity of IAAO, which would be benefit for the propagation. The content of nutrient manifested a given rule with the development of rooting, such assoluble sugar and total nitrogen. During the periods of taking roots, Either hardwood or softwood,the trend of assoluble sugar and total nitrogen vary alike; the tendency of assoluble sugar was"enhancing-descending- enhancing", and the tendency of total nitrogen was"enhancing-descending". Exogenous hormone increased the content of Tannic content, and promoted rooting process. The results suggsted that the ratio of C/T was tightly related to therooting process of cuttings in Chaenomeles, The higher ratio of C/T was aslo favorable to root. During the periods of taking roots, Either hardwood or softwood, the trend of IAA, ABA and GA₃ vary alike respectively, and Exogenous hormone increased the level of IAA, GA₃ as well as the ratio of IAA/ABA ,and decreased the level of ABA, which to be suitable indexes for rooting.The anatomical observation on hardwood cuttings of Chaenomeles Speciosa showed that the the rooting type belonged to induced primoridum; There was no induced root primordium in cuttings. Adventitious root primordium formation in callus ,which orginated from the cortical parenchyma cells , is a prerequisite for breeding adventitious roots.