The Farmers' Behavior Choice And Effect Evaluation On Adopting Conservation Tillage Technology

Fuxin is located in the northwestern in Liaoning province, belongs to the continental monsoon climate area of temperate zone. The light and heat condition is in good condition, but water resource is poor, spring and summer droughts occur frequently. Owing to the adoption of the conventional tillage every year, the soil and water loss, soil wind erosion and water erosion is worse; using chemical fertilizer for a long time, the cultivated land fertility decrease, and the environmental quality is deteriorated. The extension of conservation tillage is the important approach which can improve the ecological environment and promote agricultural sustainable development in Fuxin area. So the study on the conservation tillage in Fuxin area, which based on households'behavior choice and the evaluation on the adoption effect under family operation, is the large guiding role for promoting conservation tillage in this area.This paper's study data is based on the investigation of household in Fuxin typical region which adopted conservation tillage in 2009. First, it uses the descriptive statistical methods to analysis households'understanding condition about conservation tillage, the reason of adopted or not, and the knowing about expected cost and benefit. The results show that most of the farmers adopt conservation tillage, account for 55.2% of the surveyed households; They know the technology by unified propaganda, the demonstration guides of sci-tech personnel and neighborhood effect The reason that they adopt it is that technology can improve soil fertility, increase maize yield and save labor. But why they don't adopt it is that land scale is limited and seedling emergence is irregular. In addition, farmers'expected cost and benefit will affect their choosing behavior,147 household think the expected cost decrease or as usual in 208 household, and 60.9% of them adopt conservation tillage.Second, using logistic regression model, selecting personnel characteristics, family characteristics and the households understanding of conservation tillage variables to further study the influencing factors of households'choice which adopted conservation tillage or not, then find out the main restrictive factors that affect the promotion of conservation tillage in Fuxin area. The model further confirmed the conclusions before that whether households received correlative train about conservation tillage technology, corn straw mainly used for returning to field or not, and the households'expected income of conservation tillage had affected on the choosing behavior of households for applying conservation tillage technology,which significant at 1% level. And the households'maize planting area, the number of farm implements owned by each family and the households understanding of conservation tillage affect it obviously.At last, the paper evaluates the conservation tillage's implementation effect in Fuxin aspect of economic, ecological and social benefit. It uses comparative analysis method to study the economic benefit of conservation tillage. First, analyzing the operation cost, material cost, total cost and benefit and the difference of work amount, the results show that the new technology has better performance in saving machine and employees'expenses, no matter experimental area or family operation. Especial the relative difference values in saving expenses, family operation is higher than experimental area. And the cost of seed and herbicide decrease in different levels, but the cost of chemical fertilizer increase for family operation, which owing to the effect of conservation tillage's improving soil fertility will emerge after 2-3 years, but its extensive popularization started in 2008 in Fuxin. Compared with conventional, conservation tillage's production is higher, cost is lower, and the benefit is better even under family operation. It has huge popularization value by analyzing some evaluation index. On the other hand, conservation tillage has showed good ecological and social benefit in Fuxin area. The experiment proved that conservation tillage can increase soil organic matter and water content, reduce soil wind erosion, and then it promotes rural surplus labor transfer.