Research On Mechanism Of Anthocyanin Synthesis And Hyperchromic Effects In Acer Palmatum

In order to investigate the isolation, identification of pigment and stability of anthocyanin in leaves of Acer palmatum atropurpureum, effects of temperature and light on the leaves of Acer palmatum atropurpureum, effects of pH value of soil and Fe²⁺ solution on the photosynthesis and the active of protect enzyme in Acer palmatum atropurpureum under high temperature and highlight, we used Acer palmatum atropurpureum as materials. In the isolation, identification of pigment and stability of anthocyanin in leaves of Acer palmatum atropurpureum experiment, central leaves were collected in morning of a clear sky 9:00¹0:00. Analyzing the composition of pigment in leaves of Acer palmatum atropurpureum according to the color reaction of flavonoids. Analyzing stability of chlorophyll and anthocyanins according to the change of their contentses under different temperature, illumination, pH value and metal ion solution. In the effects of temperature and light on the leaves of Acer palmatum atropurpureum experiment, the wattles that healthy were put into ladles have nutrient solution. They were treated with the high temperature and strong light (35℃,PFD 1200μmol·m^-2·s^-1), the low temperature and strong light (10℃,PFD 1200μmol·m^-2·s^-1), the low temperature and poor light (10℃,PFD 100μmol·m^-2·s^-1), the high temperature and poor light (35℃,PFD 100μmol·m^-2·s^-1) with 3 repeats. The change of chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant enzyme activity of leaves in Acer palmatum atropurpureum were determined. In the effects of pH value of soil and Fe²⁺ solution on the photosynthesis and the active of protect enzyme in Acer palmatum atropurpureum under high temperature and highlight experiment, strong plants were selected and were divided equally into four groupsrandomly: T1---contrast (spraying distilled water ), T2---spraying buffer solution (pH5.4) to leaves, T3--spraying Fe²⁺ solution to (10 mmol·L^-1) leaves, T4---spraying buffer solution (pH5.4) and Fe²⁺ solution to (10 mmol·L^-1) leaves once a day. We come into material selection two days later and henceforth get material once a day lasting 6 days. Every level with 3 repeats, the effect of four treatments on the photosynthesis and the active of protect enzyme in Acer palmatum atropurpureum were investigated. The results showed as follows:1. Leaves of Acer palmatum atropurpureum content anthocyanin, carotenoid, flavanols-O-3- glycoside, and may content flavanol, chalcone. The stronger light and higher temperature, the degradation of anthocyanin faster. It is helps greatly to the stability of anthocyanin that pH 4.5. Several kinds of metal ions may slowing the degradation of anthocyanin and the effect of Fe²⁺ was striking.2. Effects of temperature and light on the leaves of Acer palmatum atropurpureum were studyed. The measurements showed that high temperature and highlight or dim light depress the content of chlorophyl by 29.1%, 22.9% respectively. High temperature and highlight depressed the content of anthocyanidin by 6%; depressed F0, Fm, Fv/Fm to 80.5%, 11%, 36.9% after 90 min. high temperature and highlight or dim light depress xanthophyll cycle pool by 9.7%, 7.3% , increase the deepoxidation extent of xanthophyll cycle(A+Z)/( V+A+Z),which was 29.5% and 24.6% higher than control. Photoinhibition and the circle of xanthin in leaves of Acer palmatum atropurpureum were induced under high temperature. Active of regment antioxidase were affected by high temperature and highlight, low temperature and highlight, high temperature and dim light. Regular growth of Acer palmatum atropurpureum was menaced to a great extent under the three treatments.3. Effects of spraying suffer solution and iron fertilizer solution on the photosynthesis and the active of protect enzyme in Acer palmatum atropurpureum were analyzed. The results showed that: Activity of SOD, POD, CAT was increased after buffer solution was spraied or iron fertilizer solution was spraied at the same time (effect of buffer solution on activity of SOD was excepted ). Restraint of high temperature and highlight on activity of three enzymes was relieved. Content of dissoluble sugar was increased but content of dissoluble albumen have not marked change while spraying buffer solution, iron fertilizer solution or spraying buffer solution and iron fertilizer at same time. Effect of spraying buffer solution was trifling on vital movement in Acer palmatum atropurpureum leaves. Content of proline was increased as a result of spraying buffer solution. The treatments (except spraying distilled water) were unfit to slowing the degradation of chlorophyll and to up-regulated the net photosynthetic rates of Acer palmatum atropurpureum under high temperature and strong light, but were able to slowing the degradation of anthocyanin, the effect of spraying buffer solution was striking. Activity of PAL was increased and pH value of cell sap was on the low side in Acer palmatum atropurpureum leaves.