Study On The Seedling Media Based On Agricultural Wastes For Solanaceous Fruit Vegetables

Solanaceae fruit vegetables usually use plug seedlings, which commonly use peat, perlite, vermiculite as media. However, its limited resources and high price greatly limit the wide application of plug seedling technology, especially peat.In the experiment, maize stalks and mushroom residues after fermented, prepared media through composting with peat and vermiculite, with tomato and pepper seedlings as materials for the experiment.We select The most appropriate formula for solanaceas vegetable substrates. By screening out the best media formula that is fit for plug seedling of solanaceas vegetables, and in the substrate seven different contents of water retaining agents are added in 0,0.1% ,0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 4% , taking tomato as seedling materials to screen out the appropriate amount of insurance agent ,the main results are as follows:1.From the physical and chemical properties, 5 kinds of seedling substrates of using maize stalks and mushroom residue , have the dry bulk density between 0.2-0.3 g/cm~3, total porosity between 50-70%, and pH at 6-7 ,and all of that meet the needs of breeding. Mushroom Residue can increase bulk density and total porosity of the composite matrix material, decrease the density and porosity of maize stalks.All the soluble nireogen substrate ratio is moderate, the higher content of soluble potassium and lower content of soluble phosphorus. The composite matrix containing maize stalks soluble potassium are more lower.2. Results from the seedling point of view, T4 (mushroom residue:peat:vermiculite = 1:1:1), T5(maize stalks:mushroom residue:vermiculite = 1:1:1), grow fastest. The tomato sound seedling index reaches 29.43 and 14.33; pepper sound seedlings index reaches 7.76 and 5.00 respectively. The chlorophyll content, root activity, photosynthetic of the two treatment are much higher than other treatments, the chlorophyll content, root activity, and photosynthetic of T4 are highest. 3. Tomato seedlings was breeding in the substrate containing a mixture of mushroom residue, peat and vermiculite (1:1:1). Water-retaining agent was blended in the substrate with different concentration. The results showed that: in a certain range,the emergence rate of tomato seedlings was increased with the increases of water-retaining agent content and began decreased at content 2%; The tomato plant reached maximum height at the content of 1%; The stem diameter was increased with the increases of water-retaining agent content.The chlorophyll content, root activity and photosynthesis is high with blending the water-retaining agent 1-1.5%. The highest sound seedlings index reaches 7.23, with blending the water-retaining agent 1%.