Effects Of Straw/Mushroom Slag Combination On Three Vegetable Plug Seedlings

With the rapid development of modern vegetable seedling industry,people's demand for seedling substrate has increased,while the traditional seedling substrate,grass charcoal and other resources are in short supply,and it is a non-renewable resource,which greatly limits the development of modern vegetable seedling industry.At the same time,there is a large amount of organic agricultural waste in China.This experiment uses pepper,tomato and cucumber as test materials,using organic agricultural waste wheat straw and mushroom residue,after composting and fermenting,grass charcoal and vermiculite are mixed according to a certain ratio.The tray seedling test was carried out to select a matrix formula suitable for vegetable seedlings.The main results are as follows:1.Physicochemical properties of the matrix:The physical and chemical properties of each treatment matrix were determined within the reasonable index range,which can meet the growth requirements of three vegetable seedlings.Compared with the control group CK(Grass soil:Vermiculite=2:1),the physical properties of the four different proportioning matrices were optimized;In terms of chemical properties,T2(Straw and mushroom residue fermented material:Peat soil:Vermiculite=2:1:1)has the highest available nitrogen content and available potassium content.T4(Straw and mushroom residue fermented material:Peat soil:Vermiculite=3:2:1)treated with the highest available phosphorus content.Due to the addition of straw and mushroom residue ferment,the content of nutrient elements in the matrix increases,the density increases,and the water retention performance increases.2.Pepper seedling test results:The T2-treated pepper seedlings had the best morphological indexes,and their plant height,stem diameter,root vigor and seedling index were 1.37,1.25,1.51,and 1.91 times of CK,respectively.In terms of photosynthetic parameters,the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of T2 treated pepper seedlings were 1.15 times and 1.62 times that of CK,respectively.Compared with CK,it increased by 15.5%and 62%respectively;In terms of physiological indicators,the soluble sugar,soluble protein and nitrate reductase activities of T2 treated pepper seedlings were 1.92 times,1.38 times and 1.25 times that of CK,respectively.Compared with the CK control group,it increased by 100%,38%,and 25.2%,respectively;The proline content of T2 treated pepper seedlings decreased by 30.7%compared with CK.This indicates that the T2 treated matrix formulation is more conducive to the growth of pepper seedlings and is an excellent substrate for pepper seedlings.3.Tomato seedling test results:The T4 treatment of tomato seedlings had the best effect.The plant height,stem diameter,root vigor and seedling index of T4 treated tomato seedlings were 1.48 times,1.34 times,1.16 times and 3.51 times of CK,respectively.On the photosynthetic parameters,the chlorophyll and net photosynthetic rate of tomato seedlings treated with T4 were 1.11 times and 1.56 times that of CK,respectively.Compared with CK,it increased by 13.8%and 56.2%respectively;In terms of physiological indicators,the soluble sugar,soluble protein and nitrate reductase activities of T4 treated tomato seedlings were 1.4 times,1.58 times and 1.25 times,respectively,of CK.Compared with the control group,CK increased by 64.3%,58.1%,and 10.7%.The proline content of tomato seedlings treated with T4 was 15.2%lower than that of the control group.T4 treatment is more conducive to the improvement of tomato seedling quality and increase the accumulation of seedling biomass,which is an excellent substrate for tomato seedlings.4.Results of cucumber seedling test:The T2 treated cucumber seedlings had the best comprehensive index.The plant height,stem diameter,root vigor and seedling index and G value were 1.56 times,1.16 times,1.56 times,2.03 times and 1.81 times of the control group,respectively.The chlorophyll and net photosynthetic rate of T2 treated cucumber seedlings were 1.13 times and 1.82 times,respectively,which were increased by 16.4%and 82.2%,respectively.In terms of physiological indicators,the soluble sugar,soluble protein and nitrate reductase activities of cucumber seedlings treated with T2 were 1.31 times,1.95 times and 1.25 times,respectively,of CK.Compared with CK,it increased by 100.8%,95%and 24.9%respectively.The proline content of T2 treated cucumber seedlings was 38.7%lower than that of CK.Treatment of T2 is more conducive to the growth of cucumber seedlings and is an excellent substrate for cucumber seedlings.In summary,compared with the traditional grass charcoal seedling substrate,the fermented material with a certain proportion of agricultural organic waste can screen out the matrix close to the physical and chemical properties of the ideal matrix.It can improve the seedling effect of plug seedlings,reduce the cost of seedling raising,and find a theoretical basis for the utilization of agricultural organic waste.