Studies On Growing Characteristics And Harvest Time Of Astragalus Membranaceus Seedling Of Transplanting Of Different Grade

Astragalus is the second main great productive medicine in Gan Su, and the major cultivative seedlings is Astragalus mongholicus. In this paper, we used Astragalus mongholicus as object of study. By Astragalus seedling of transplanting of different grade, we made a study to biennial Astragalus mongholicus of dynamic growth, accumulation of dried matter, and divided the main growth period of it.by comparison of yeild and economic benefit to different grade seedlings, determined standard of selection.Accoding to comparison of appearance of quality, commercial grade, production and character of Astragalus mongholicus, we made clear the best harvest period of Astragalus mongholicus, the main results as follow:1. Different grade transplanting of Astragalus mongholicus seedlings had effects on the growth dynamics of aerial parts. The results showed that the rate of stem and leaf of big treatment seedlings is 5 to 10 days in advance compared with others in the whole growth period. There had the trend of growing faster in prior period and slower in later period, it is the middle treatment seedlings of aerial growth that present the poorest appearance. Among three treatments, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area,stem branch, function leaf and growth rate are all different, maximum appears slightly different time. The ground dry matter accumulation of Astragalus increased at first and then decreased, To harvest, the average amount of dry matter of three treatments were 4.19g,2.49g,5.7g, the difference was not significant. By comparison, big seedlings and small seedlings grew better on the ground.2. Different grade transplanting of Astragalus mongholicus seedlings had effects on the growth dynamics of underground parts. Astragalus rhizome grew mainly from late July(About 110 days after transplanting). In prior period, the main growth was stretched rhizome; in later period, the main growth was rhizome enlargement (About 110 days after transplanting), root diameter enlargement of small seedlings was the fastest, significantly higher than other treatments.Finally, reached 12.07mm. It was small seedlings that accumulated dry matter of root most. To harvest, it was 23.28g, it was 22.04% higher than the big treatment and 58.55% the middle treatment, with the big treatment difference was significant, and with the middle treatment was a significantly different level. Ground dry matter accumulation of the three treatments can establish a good number of the growth curve of the three. The formation and development of lateral root in the whole process, small seedlings are best treated with, number of lateral roots at harvest up to 2.78, compared with the big seedlings and the middle seedlings of 1.89 and 0.67 were more 0.89 and 2.11.3. Different grade transplanting had effects on the growth dynamics of reproductive of Astragalus seedlings.Astragalus has unlimited inflorescence, flower and fruit period was long,generally from June to August. The results showed that different seedlings of treatment had different times on reproductive growth and development, the flowering period is also quite different. The period of reproductive growth and development of the big seedlings was 10 days in advance compared with others. In the course of the reproductive growth, the big seedlings grew best, the highest pod, Pod was significantly higher than others, maximum up to 14.78 pods, number of fruits reached 66.78 t. The dry weight of inflorescence and seed yield is also the largest, it was respectively 0.34g and 0.58g. The small seedlings followed, the worst in the middle seedlings.4. The division of reproductive age of the transplant biennial Astragalus. The Astragalus mongholicus growth period which is transplant biennial is divided into five periods:Seedling growth stage of transplantation (4.2-6.14),in bud and flowering stage(6.14-7.30),elongating stage of the root(7.7-9.18),fruit maturation period(7.30-8.22),thick roots stage (9.18-11.2). According to astragalus root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit growth and development of the dynamic characteristics of the five major organs, and the dry weight percentage of total volume changes of biological.5. Rating of the different sizes seedlings effects on yield and economic benefits of Astragalus. grade transplanting of seedlings have an effect on yield for Astragalus mongholicus. The smallest Astragalus highest yield of transplanting, reaching 13,505.85kg/hm2, respectively compared to medium and big seedling yield high 15.25% and 57.45%, and the differences level seedling treatment were extremely significant; from the economic point of view, the middle seedling treatment was medium, only 6,896.73yuan/hm2, and to the other two deal with were extremely significant level, the big and small of seedling treatment were 13,735.49 yuan/hm2,and 16,207.02 yuan/hm2. Shows that the smallest Mongolian transplanting seedlings production and economic benefits of Astragalus best.6. Harvest effects on yield and economic of benefits the transplant biennial Astragalus. different harvesting date on yield of transplanted biennial Astragalus mongholicus have greater impact to the fall harvest in mid-November the best Astragalus, the highest yield, up 15,916.74kg/hm2, and other harvest was very significant difference in yield level; biennial Astragalus mongholicus total receipts also the highest harvest in mid-November,21,538.54 yuan/hm2, in which a product as high as 60%; spring harvest in mid-March to the economy effective up to 12,514.4 yuan/hm2. Therefore, the fall in mid-November is the best economic. Harvest for the biennial Astragalus mongholicus.and the transplanted three-year-old of Astragalus membranaceus autumn when the phenomenon of different degrees of lignification, loose texture, serious decay, yield low to mid-October harvest yield was the highest 12,057.08 kg/hm2.7. The influence of quality harvest on the biennial Astragalus. The results show that the test area of transplanting biennial Astragalus mongholicusthe total ash,acid insoluble ash and water-soluble extract were mostly less than Pharmacopoeia, the total ash in the between 5.53%-6.34% and acid insoluble ash in 1.23%-1.90%, and the water-soluble extract in between 8.46%-10.19%; Astragaloside content displayed to dormancy stage (mid-fall in November) and the germination stage (3 at "the end of spring) of the highest, the highest levels were 0.082% and 0.085%,0.04% more than the standard pharmacopoeia 1 times.