Landscape Ecological Analysis And Comprehensive Evaluation Of Ningde East Lake National Wetland Park

Studying mainly on landscape resource composition, landscape ecological characteristic and ecological environmental capacity in Donghu national wetland in Ningde, the research contained plant resources, quantitative properties, species diversity, wetland landscape characteristic, temporal-spatial changes of wetland environmental quality, the quality of resource, ecological water demand, environmental capacity and wetland benefit, with the results as follows:(1) Basing on analyzing community of Donghu national wetland park, the result showed that the artificial vegetation was the main community, which contained eighty-one species that belong to fifty family and sixty-five genera, among which were five Pteridophyta (four family and five genera) and gymnosperm (two family, two genera and two species). They were Eucalyptus robusta Smith, Cinnamomum camphora, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Archontophoenix alexandrae, Casuarina equisetifolia, Malus spectabilis, Prunus cerasifera, Ligustrum lucidum, Ficus elastica and so on in arbor which lesser in species. The species diversity was low in shrub which mainly contained Nandina domestica, Pruns persica, Duranta repens, Ligustrum sinense, Nerium indicum, Calliandra haematocephala, Musa basjoo, Grevillea robusta and so on. But the herbal contained Phragmites japonica, Artemisaprincepsleaf, Patriniae Herba, polygonum, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Isachne globosa, Ageratum conyzoides, Eccoilopus cotulifer, Wedelia chinensis and Gahnia tristis whose community grew exuberant and had cover degree advantage.(2) The landscape characteristic analysis revealed that reservoir and tideland silt beach had largest area whose percent attained to 31% and 27% respectively. They also played important roles in the whole landscape composition and diversity, the tideland salt marsh had the largest fragmentation and its patch shape was the most complex.(3) Study on the temporal-spatial changes and driving force of the environmental quality revealed that the water quality of both people-lake and Donghu wetland showed different pollution levels, among which BOD5, COD and NH3-N were the most serious with the pollution indexes up to 15.3,8.2 and 8.1 respectively. The environmental pollution condition improved a little from 2003 to 2009. Nanji river was the main pollution source, but the Jinxi river improved it. The primary, second and third industries played the determine roles in water environmental quality in wetland ecosystem.(4)Basing on analyzing and evaluating the resource the Donghu wetland in Ningde, the overall quality appraisal value was 76 in Ningde touring resource, which is up to the standard of the first class scenery in the Grade Estimation of Seaside Wetland. The high resource and journey values should be protected and exploited with the sustainable development prerequisite.(5) Studying on ecological water demand of Donghu wetland in Ningde, the result showed that the optimal, medium and minimum water demand were 1421.3×104m3,1015.3×104m3和609.35×104m3 respectively. However, it was hard to get the sufficient demand from water capacity and water quality due to the decreasing effective storage and polluted water.(6) By means of the study on environmental and tourist capacity, the result showed that the daily environmental capacity will be up to 3914/d, the annual environmental will get to 1.2 million when the construction was accomplished. The saturation daily environmental capacity was twice as the daily environmental capacity which will be 7828 persons/d in 2010. The daily tourist capacity was 2951 persons/d and the annual tourist capacity was 0.903 million persons/a.(7)By means of benefic analysis in Donghu of Ningde, it was considered that basing on ecological journey, combining natural and human landscape, relying on vegetable, water and bird landscape, containing wetland, farming and fishery culture, and aiming at ecological protection, through reasonable disposition, scientific partition, careful planning, to design the communal facilities and the best touring paths in the light of local conditions and to organize rational tourist paths would build a scientific, look-ahead and operability wetland which should combine the popular science education, wetland tourist, quality-oriented education, holidays, and scientific investigate as a multifunction wetland park. The wetland construction should attain ecological, social and economic benefit, which would supply the follow-up fund for the sustainable develop and resource protection.