| Sweet potato residue (SPR) are commonly seen everywhere in winter at the Southwest, which is characteristic on great quantity, low cost. etc. In return, SPR could be utilized as a meaningful resource to be research and developed for finishing steers. Plant extracts are characterized on being safe, no adverse reaction, anti bacterial and antiviral, and improving performance and so on. Perilla seed extract (PSE), as one of various plant extracts, furthermore, have other especial functions such as enhancing immunity, anti oxidation and improving meat quality besides all above, which is appropriately to be researched as an addictive in finishing cattle. However, there are few reports about the contents of SPR. affects of SPR and PSE on performance, digestibility, immune fuction. carcass and meat quality. These studies are aimed to study the feeding value of SPR and PSE in finishing cattle, so that this study could be a helpful reference to further reasearch in this area.Trail 1:This experiment was conducted to test the nutritrients content, nutritients and energy apparent digistibility, net eneregy of SPR in finishing cattle to betterly research and exploit the usage of SPR. SPR samples from different regions averagely contain fresh water 82.2%, air-dried samples averagely contain dry matter (DM) 88.4%. crude protein (CP) 3.7%, ether extract (EE) 0.5%, crude fiber (CF) 12.6%, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) 30.7%,acid detergent fiber (ADF) 22.1%,acide detergent lignin (ADL) 6.4%. nitrogen free extract (NFE) 65.9%, crude ash (Ash) 5.6%, Ca 0.78%, P 0.06%, respectively. Apparent digestibility of nutritients of one of SPR samples are:DM 48.32%, CP 59.17%. EE 29.13%, CF 64.91%, NDF 45.31%. ADF 36.43%, ADL 12.12%, NFE 64.81%, Ash 22.61%, Ca 28.96%. P 30.58%, energy 49.86%, respectively; moreover, its combined net energy and net energy for maintenance, gain and are:3.341,4.530 and 2.191 MJ/kg (air-dried basis), respectively.Trail 2:This experiment was conducted to examine the effect of sweet potato residue (SPR) on performance, immunity, carcass and meat quality in beef cattle. Thirty crossbred steers with (382.6±30.5) kg of BW were divided into 3 groups. One group (n=10) was fed a control diet, and the other two groups (n=10 for each) were fed treatment diets in which 50% and 100% sorghum distiller's grains was replaced by SPR respectively so that the treatment diets contained 10% and 20% SPR. respectively. The results showed:(1) Substitution of sorghum distiller's grains by 50% and 100% with SPR had no significant effects on performance and the apparent digestibility of nutrients (P>0.05). (2) Substitution of sorghum distiller's grains by 50% and 100% with SPR increased the concentrations of plasma calcium by 3.35% and 6.28%) (P<0.05). had no significant effects on the contents of other biochemical indices (P＞0.05). and decreased the concentrations of plasma growth hormone, IgA and IgG (P<0.05). (3) Substitution of sorghum distiller's grains by 50% and 100% with SPR did not affect the carcass and meat quality in beef cattle(P>0.05). The results indicate the inclusion of SPR in the beef diet as a substitute for sorghum distiller's grains should not exceed 10%(air dry basis).Trail 3:This experiment was conducted to examine the effect of perilla seed extract (PSE) on performance and immunity in crossbred Simmental steers. Nineteen crossbred steers with (376.7±37.0) kg of BW were divided into 2 groups. One group (n=10) was fed a control diet, and the other group (n=9) was fed a treatment diet supplemented 0.03% PSE. The results were showed as follow:(1) Dietary addition of PSE increased average daily gain (ADG) and daily dry matter intake (ADMI) by 8.5% and 3.2%, respectively, and decreased ADMI to ADG ratio by 5.8%, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). (2) The apparent digestibility of total phosphorus was increased by 56.11%(P<0.05). However, the apparent digestibility of other nutrients was not affected by the treatment (P>0.05). (3) The concentrations of plasma calcium, phosphorus, alpha-amylase and IgA increased (P<0.05) by 15.13%,16.22%, 20.92% and 4.48%, respectively, due to the addition of PSE. (4) Addition of PSE reduced (P<0.05) the shear force of beef by 13.00%, and increased the carcass quality by one grade. The results indicate that dietary supplementation of PSE has no adverse effects on growth performance, and can stimulate phosphorus digestibility, increase concentrations of plasma calcium, phosphorus, alpha-amylase and IgA, and improve beef tenderness and carcass quality.In conclusion, sweet potato residue (SPR) is charateristics on low protein and lipid content, high fiber and ash content, and the containing net energy is also low; SPR could replace the distillered grains by 50%(it contains 10% SPR in air-dried basis) in finishing cattle diet, not affecting the performance, conversely, decreasing the cost of growth; SPR could be utilized as a good source of feedstuff for finishing cattle. Perilla seed extract is meaningful to finishing cattle production practises, which could stimulate the digestibility, improve the immune fuction, increase the carcass and meat quality, finally, the perilla seed extract could be used as finishing cattle dietary supplementation to improve the performance efficiency.
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