Effects Of Perilla Seed Extract On Growth Performance,Antioxidant Indexes And Fecal Microorganisms Of Weaned Pigs

Early weaning piglets suffer great stress,which leads to decreased feed intake,severe diarrhea and slow growth after weaning.Perilla seed extract(PSE)is a product made by extracting various active substances from perilla seeds.Studies have shown that PSE could improve the growth performance of weaned pigs,finishing pigs and broilers,and improve the antioxidant capacity of rabbits and mice.In this study,two feeding experiments were to investigate the effects of PSE on growth performance,antioxidant indexes and fecal microorganisms of weaned pigs and the optimal dosage of PSE in the diets of weaned pigs.In experiment 1,effects of Perilla seed extract in diets on growth performance,antioxidant indexes and fecal microorganisms of weaned pigs.Eighty weaned pigs(28 days old,DLY,average weight 8.3 kg)were randomly divided into 5 treatments according to the principle of half male and half female,with 8 replicates for each treatment and 2 piglets for each replicate.The treatments were NC(basal diet),PSE1/2/3(basal diet+1000/2000/3000 mg/kg PSE)and PC(basal diet+antibiotics).The experiment period was 28 days.The results showed that the addition of PSE into the diet had no significant effect on the growth performance of weaned pigs(P>0.05).During the 1-7 days of the experiment,the diarrhea indexes were significantly reduced by the addition of antibiotics(P<0.05).On the 28 th day of the experiment,the concentration of urea nitrogen in serum was significantly reduced by the addition of PSE(1000 mg/kg)(P<0.05).The addition of PSE significantly reduced the serum concentration of LDL-C(low density lipoprotein cholesterol)(P<0.05).On the 14 th and 28 th days,PSE significantly increased the activity of total T-SOD in serum(P<0.05).On day 28,the supplementation of PSE(1000 mg/kg)significantly increased the activity of serum glutathione peroxidase(P<0.05).On day 28,the addition of PSE with 3000 mg/kg significantly increased the fecal flora richness(P<0.05).At the phylum level,PSE3 and PC had higher abundance of Firmicutes compared with NC(P<0.05).Compared with NC,PSE1 and PSE2,PSE3 significantly increased the abundance of archaea(P<0.05).At the genus level,the addition of PSE at 1000 mg/kg significantly increased the richness of Lactobacillus(P<0.05).In experiment 2,effects of Perilla Seed Extract in Diets on growth performance,serum biochemical parameters and antioxidant indexes of pigs with relative weaning weight.In this study,96 weaned pigs(28 days old,DLY,average weight 6.9 kg,1.4 kg lower than the average weight of weaned pigs in experiment 1)were randomly divided into 3 treatments according to the principle of half male and half female,8 replicates per treatment,and 2 weaned pigs per treatment.The treatments were NC(basal diet),PSE1(basal diet+1000mg/kg PSE)and PC(basal diet+antibiotics).The experiment period was 28 days.The results showed that PSE significantly increased the average daily gain during the 15-28 days and the whole experiment period(P<0.05).The diarrhea indexes between 22 and 28 days were significantly reduced by the addition of antibiotics(P<0.05).On the 14 th day of the study,PSE supplementation significantly reduced serum LDL-C level(P<0.05).On day 14 and 28,PSE significantly increased the activity serum glutathione peroxidase and total superoxide dismutase(P<0.05).In conclusion,the applementation of 1000 mg/kg PSE to the diet can reduce the concentration of urea nitrogen in the serum of weaned pigs,increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes T-SOD and GSH-Px in serum,and increase the abundance of Lactobacilli in feces.The applementation of 1000 mg/kg PSE to the diet increased the growth performance of weaned pigs with a relatively small weaning weight at 28 days of age.The recommended dose of PSE in weaned pigs diet is 1000 mg/kg.