The Polymorphism Analysis Of Space-flight Mutation SP3 Breeding Beets By The Methods Of Isoenzyme And SRAP

Content: This experiment made use of different SP3 generation materials which derived from eight copies of beets materials carried by the first artificial satellite for space breeding "Shijian-8 Seed Breeding Satellite" in China and their contrasts as test materials, including diploid,tetraploid and monogerm materials. The polyacrylamide vertical gel electrophoresis of peroxidase,superoxide dismutase and esterase isozymograms were carried out with the leaves of the annual materials in the beets fast-growing stage and the biennial materials in flowering-stage and bolting period to compare the variation between the SP3 generation's mutagenic materials and their contrasts.We also tested the enzyme activity of peroxidase,superoxide dismutase and catalase of the SP3 materials in different stage.In addition, we tested the economic yield of part of SP3 materials and utilized SRAP makers to analyze the genetic diversity of 33 beets that were SP3 beets coming from the materials which were carried by the first artificial satellite for space breeding "Shijian-8 Seed Breeding Satellite" in China.The results showed that:1.Compared with the contrast,most of annual space-flight mutation SP3 beets for different ploidy materials showed higher level in the enzyme activity of SOD and CAT in the period of beet fast-growing period.The difference displayed most notable,In the contrast of the enzyme activity of POD,HT6-212-3 was 0.93 times higher than the contrast,and HT1-408 was 0.08 times lower than the contrast,It showed that the SP3 beets vary differently.It displayed the coincidence with the variation of the space-mutation'random.Compared the enzyme activity of SOD of the biennial SP3 beets with the contrast in the flowering-stage,the tetraploid materials decreased,and the diploid and monogerm materials increased.It showed that different materials show different results.2.(1).The results of EST and POD isozymograms of SP3 generation's different biennial materials in floweringstage period and bolting period showed that there were some distinctions between the SP3 generation materials and their contrasts,and the enzymatic activity was higher than their contrasts.The SOD isozymograms did not show notable difference.(2).Comparing EST and POD isozymograms of SP3 generation's different biennial materials with the contrast in floweringstage period with that in bolting period,the total bands of EST and POD isozymograms showed no distinctions.The SOD isozymograms did not show notable difference and lacked the bands of A zone.(3).The EST and POD isozymograms of annual space-flight mutation SP3 beets in the beets fast-growing period showed some difference compared with the conrtast.The SOD isozymograms did not show notable difference.(4).The aberration rate of diploid materials was higher than terploid and monogerm materials between different ploidy materials after space mutagenesis.3.Compare the SP3 materials with the contrast,the economic yield showeed different varation.The root yield of some materials increased and the the rate of containing sugar decreased.At last,HT5-207,HT4-202-1 and HT5-207-01 were higher than the contrast in the products of sugar.It was still a problem that the scientist try to find the balance between the root yield and the content efficience of sugar.42 pairs of pirmers were screened out from 88 pairs of pirmers used 4 sugar beets.These primers amplified distinct bands and their polymorphism was also very high. 42 pairs of primers were used to analyze the genetic diversity to 33 beets that were SP3 beets coming from the materials which were carried by the first artificial satellite for space breeding "Shijian-8 Seed Breeding Satellite" in China.A total of 715 SRAP bands (including 320 polymorphic bands) were detected and the average ratio of polymorphic SRAP bands was 44.7%.The average genetic distance was 0.3942 and the coefficient of genetic similarity was 0.6748.The experimental materials were not classified obviousely by clustering analysis of UPGMA method.The diploid,tetraploid and monogerm materials showed the similar tendency.The tetraploid materials 31,27,10,26 were classified into one subgroup.The diploid materials 28,30,29,9,13,23,32,16,20 were classified into one subgroup. 18,8,11,15 materials were classified into another subgroup.12,7,17materials were classified into the third subgroup.The monogerm materials 19,33,21,22 were classified into one subgroup.In the polymorphism analysis of the SRAP markers,the genetic distance of HT5-207-1-1 was the smallest (0.2756), and the coefficient of genetic similarity was largest (0.7591).So it did not mutate largely.The genetic distance of HT8-86-1 was the largest (0.4646), and the coefficient of genetic similarity was smallest (0.6284).So it mutated largely.