Germplasm Innovation Of Disease Resistant And Seedless Grape And Molecular Marker-assisted Breeding

27 cross combinations were obtained between seedless grapes and Chinese wild Vitis (V. amurensis Shuang you )and Beichun (hybrid of V. vinifera × V. amurensis) and 11 cultivars (V. vinifera). 23 pollinations between seeded grapes and Chinese wild Vitis (V. amurensis Shuangyou) and V. davidii Xuefeng and Beichun and 6 seedless cultivars were carried out from May of 2004 to June of 2005. Fertilized ovules of 27 crosses were cultured in vitro through embryo rescue. Emhryo rescue seedlings were selected with molecular probe linked to seedless gene and molocular markers linked to disease-resistant gene of Vitis. The results were as follows:1. 55 embryo rescue seedlings were obtained from 27 crosses, including 2 seedlings from Sultanina×Shuangyou, 2 seedlings from Delight×Shuangyou, 19 seedlings from Sultanina×Beichun, 2 seedlings from Dehight×Beichun,9 seedlings from Flame Seedless× Beichun, 1 seedlings from Long-bunch sultanine×Beichun, 1 seedlings from Emerald Seedless×Beichun, 2 seedlings from Centennial seedless× Zixia, 2 seedlings from Centernnial×Red Globe, 2 seedlings from Delight×Centennial Seedless, 1 seedlings from Delight×Red Globe,2 seedlings from Delight× Emerald Seedless, 5 seedlings from Flame Seedless×Autumn Royal, 3 seedlings from Ruby Seedless ×Xinyu , 1 seedlings from Emerald Seedless×Orlando Seedless, 1 seedlings from Olmo Seedless×Dilight. 46 seedlings were established in the vineyard, survival ratio was 73%.2. 1238 seedling were obtained from 23 crosses through conventional breeding, including: 255 seedlings from Red Globe×Xuefeng(V.davidii Feox), 157 seedlings from Red Globe×Shuangyou, 2 seedlings from Hongmunage×Flame Seedless, 4 seedlings from Xinpuyihao × Shuangyou, 13 seedlings from Red Globe×Beichun, 174 seedlings from SP9155×Beichun, 2 seedlings from Hongmunage ×Beichun, 2 seedlings from Xinpuyihao ×Beichun, 90 seedlings from Red Clobe ×Sultanina, 24 seedlings from Red Globe×Flame Seedless, 23 seedlings from Red Globe×Monukka, 197 seedlings from Red Globe×Delight, 9 seedlings from Hongmunage×Flame Seedless, 10 seedlings from Xinyu×Monukka, 16 seedlings from Xinyu×Flame Seedless, 111 seedlings from Xinyu×Wuhezi, 33 seedlings from Xinyu×Sultamina, 12 seedlings from Yatomi Rose ×Flame Seedless, 23 seedlingsfrom Yatomi Rose*Centennial Seedless, 20 seedlings from Xinpuyihao xFlame Seedless, 4 seedlings from XinpuyihaoxMonukka, 4 seedlings from XinpuyihaoxCentennial Seedless, 53 seedlings from Christmas Rose X Flame Seedless.They were established in the vineyard.3. Seedless grape germplasm resistant to disease were selected using molecular markers . DNA extracting and RAPD analysis were performed using molecular probe linked to seedless trait and molecular marker linked to disease-resistance gene of grape in 28 embryo rescue seedlings from Sultaninax Beichun, Fame seedless * Beichun and Flame seedless*Autumn Royal. 22 seedless seedlings were selected, including 12 seedings from SuItaninaxBeichun, 7 seedings from Flame Seedlessx Beichun, 3 seedings from Flame Seedlessx Autumn Royal;16 seedling resistance to anthracnose were selected, including 9 seedings from SuItaninaxBeichun, 7 seedings from Flame Seedless* Beichun, 9 seedings grapes resistance to ripe rot were selected from SuItaninaxBeichun.Using molecular markers, 4 seedless grapes resistance to anthracnose and ripe rot, 9 seedless grapes resistance to anthracnose, 1 seedless grapes resistance to ripe rot were selected.