Study On Technology Of The Fertilizer Control On Key Quality Characters And Yield Of Late Japonica Rice In Taihu Area

By using various varieties of middle maturing late japonica as test materials in 2002 in Jiangsu Province,the study analyzed the variability and stability of the properties of the rice quality based on AMMI model, in order to confirm the adjusting key quality indexes on the environment. Studying the fertilizers influencing on the key quality indexes and yields, the harmony regulatory measures of the high-quality and high-yield was putted forward. This test was processed in 2003-2004 at the agriculture science graduate school of the Taihu Suzhou. The material of the test materials was R109 that is the high-quality rice. Studying the fertilizer influencing on the key quality indexes, yields and yield formations, in order to confirm the key nutrition regulation technology of the key quality of the late japonica at the Taihu area, through the N fertilizer application, N fertilizer managements, applying the proportion of the organic and inorganic fertilizer and K fertilizer application tests. Main results are as follows:(1) Through studying stability of the middle maturing late japonica quality as test materials at the the different pilot areas in Jiangsu Province, the results indicated that the stability of the appearance quality was lowest. Head milled rice rate was lower in the middle of the processing quality. Gel consistency was lower in the middle of the edible quality. The brown rice rate, milled rice rate, amylase content and protein content was comparatively stable, because of them were influenced the characteristic of the per se variety. So appearance quality, head milled rice rate and gel consistency were the key quality indexes that were adjusted to environment.(2) In the different levels of nitrogen fertilizer from 0kg/666.7m2 to 22.5kg/666.7m2, the diversification of larger grain weight is smallest with the N-application rate. Increased nitrogen could increased ears of 666.7m2, grains per ear and setback of the RVA profile, and reduce seed setting percentage and breakdown of the RVA profile. As a whole, increased nitrogen could increased the quality indexes and yield, when N- application rate was under 15kg/666.7m2, and reduced the quality indexes and yield, when N- application rate was exceeded 15kg/666.7m2. So the fitting N- application rate was 15kg/666.7m2.(3) Through studying N fertilizer managements influenced on quality and yield of R109, the results indicated that balance spike fertilizer could obtained better appearance quality when N-application was 15kg/666.7m2, but could reduced appearance quality when increased N-application. N spike fertilizer managements influenced on the processing quality and edible quality was less. Applying spikelet-developing fertilizer could improved RVA profile of R109. Applying balance spike fertilizer was in favor of increased ears of 666.7m2, grains per ear and yield, but could reduced the seed setting percentage and rice quality.(4) Through studying applying the proportion of the organic and inorganic fertilizer influenced on quality and yield of R109, the results indicated that applying organic fertilizer completely could improved appearance quality. Appearance quality would reduced while the organic and inorganic fertilizer were mixed applied. The influence of the processing quality and edible quality was effected the proportion of the organic and inorganic fertilizer. RVA profile was best while the proportion of the organic fertilizer was 75%. This experimentation considered that yield, ears of 666.7m2 and grains per ear were best, but seed setting percentage was lowest, while the proportion of the organic and inorganic fertilizer was about 1:3.(5) Through studying different levels of nitrogen fertilizer influenced on quality and yield of R109, the results indicated that properly applying K fertilizer could improved quality and yield of R109. Excessive applying K fertilizer would make against harmonious improving quality and yield. Appearance quality and RVA profile were improved while applying K fertilizer was about 22.5kg/666.7m2. While applying K fertilizer was about 22.5kg/666.7m2, ears of 666.7m2, grains per ear, seed setting percentage and larger grain weight were advanced availably, thereby yield was best. So this experimentation considered that fitting applying K fertilizer quantity was 22.5vkg /666.7m2.