Study On Genetic Diversity Of Some Yellow Cattle Breed In China

The genetic diversity of 11 Chinese indigenous cattle breeds and 3 foreign ones (Simental , Charolais and German Yellow ) was studied using 12 microsatellite DNA markers recommended by FAO and ISAG, and the ABI3100-Avant auto gene sequenator as the platform, combining the fluorescence multiplicitas PCR together. The genetic heterozygosity, polymorphism information content (PIC), effective numbers of allele, genetic distance among cattle breeds and dendrogram were computed to evalute the genetic variability within breeds and genetic relationships among breeds. The time of differentiation was counted either. The results were as follows:The 14 kinds of Cattle in this experiment at 12 microsatellite DNA loci have been detected,besides the Simmemtal showing low polymorphism (PIC=0.22) on the ILSTS011 site, others showing altitude polymorphism and midrange polymorphism in 14 different breeds. 11 Chinese local Cattle breeds have presented altitude polymorphism and midrange polymorphism on all sites. We can indicate that these Chinese local Cattle breeds have correspondence plentiful genetic diversity than Foreign ones. We should take protection on them, and avoid the loss of the genetic diversity in the process.The average heterozygosis of other 14 Foreign and local Cattle breeds is between 0.82(max) and 0.50(min). 11 Chinese local Cattle breeds have presented obviously higher Heterozygosis on 12 sites than those 3 introduced breeds, indicated that the high hereditary variation, but the short of the heredity concordance. In future breeds protection process we must take pure breeding on the Chinese local Cattle breeds to elevate the heredity concordance of this breed.We detected 171 alleles on 12 micro satellites sites, ETH10, ETH152 and ILSTS005 has at least 10 alleles, ILSTS006 has 20 at the most. Other sites have 12~18 multiple allele, and the average number of micro satellites are 14.2. The average allele numbers of the Jiaxian Red is the highest as 9, and the lowest are Simental and German Yellow as 5.8 and 5.1. The average allele numbers of Anxi Cattle was only 7, lower than the others over 8. 14 Cattle breeds have very plentiful utility allele numbers between 1.10 and 11.1 on 12 microsatellites. We can consider these sites as the most superiority sites those 6 microsatellites have more than 4 utility alleles. The ETH225 site has average 6 utility alleles as the maximum; And the ILSTS005 has average 2 utility alleles as the minimum.11 Chinese local Cattle have more utility alleles than those 3 Foreign breeds on 12 sites obviously.In 11 Chinese local Cattle breeds, altogether discovered 21 unique alleles. Every breeds has one unique allele on certain microsatellite at least. Enshi yellow has the most as 4;Yunba...