Allozyme Analysis Of Genetic Diversity And Interspecific Relationships In Genus Prunus And Its Relative Species

In the present research, genetic diversity among 44 accessions of plum and its related species was investigated baced on allozyme analysis via vertical slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, in an attempt to aid germplasm management to elucidate the interspecies phylogenetic relationships. The accessions need herein were composed of 5 plum species including Prunus salicina Lindl., P. ussuriensis Kov. Et Kost., P. domesitica L., P. cerasifera Ehrh., P. spinosa, 1 plum hybridy species and 2 related species including Armeniaca vulgaris Lam and Padus Mill.. Results of allozyme analysis showed:1. Seventy-two alleles were detected at 22 loci of 11 enzyme systems in 6 species of Prunus and 2 related species with the largest number of 9 at one locus. As for genetic diversity of 8 species(taxa), the portion of polymorphic loci (P), mean number of alleles per locus(A) and average expected heterozygosity were 48.0%,1.8 and 0.329, respectively. Comparison of genetic variation of the 8 species demonstrated that the Chinese plum possesses the most highest genetic diversity, with P and A being 84.2% and 3.2, followed by hybrid plum with P and A being 84.2% and 2.7. P and A of European plum were 78.9% and 2.3, respectively, P. ussuriensis had least abundant genetic diversity, with P and A being 21.1% and 2.1.2. Cluster analysis of interspecific relationship based on Biosys-2 and TFPGA and UPGMA analysis of individual accession based on NTSYS2.10. gave rise to a dendrogram in which Chinese plum was first clustered to hybrid plum, then to P. ussuriensis. all of plum species were clustered together before, they were clustered with the related species Armeniaca sp. and Padus. The 44 accessions could be distinguished by 11 enzyme systems, and the results received from analysis using 3 softwares were consistent with each other.3. Chi-square test to Ho and He of Chinese plum showed that 10 in 16 polymorphic loci were significant at the level of P ≦ 0.01 and 1 was significant at the level of P ≦ 0.05; In order to identify enzyme systems related to some traits of Chinese plum, we used 2 enzyme systems for individual UPGMA cluster analysis. But their collection remains to be investigated.