The Identification Of Powdery Mildew Resistance Genes Of Wheat Cultivars In Henan Province With Molecular Markers And Application Of Molecular Marker-assisted Breeding

Powdery mildew,caused by Erysiphe graminis D. C. f.sp.Tritici, is one of the most important worldwide diseases of common wheat The most effective and economical solution to control this disease is to develop and apply resistant cultivars.Henan is the province which grows more wheat than any other provinces in our country, and powdery mildew is the most important disease of wheat in Henan.With molecular markers the identification of resistance genes to powdery mildew in the wheat cultivars which were widely used will help to unmask the history and the trend of resistace breeding of wheat in Henan. .In our study, the phenotype of dozens of cultivars against powdery mildew was evaluated.And the resistant genes contained in these cultivars were also identified with the use of molecular markers. The genetic analysis of Zhengmai 883 was also carried out,and molecular markers were used to construct NILs of Zhengmai 9023.The phenotype of thirty cultivars against powdery mildew, those cultivars used more than 3.33 ×10~5 ha in Henan province during the past fifty years, was evaluated.It was shown that among these cultivars there were only three resistant against powdery mildew.Meanwhile phenotype of the cultivars used more than 6.67 ×10~4 ha during 2004-2005 were also analyzed,and there were seven resistant against powdery mildew.Pm gene contained in these cultivars was identified by molecular markers tightly linked with these genes. Before 80s nearly none of these Pm genes were used. After 80s Pm8 was widely-used, with the limited use of Pm2, Pm4 and Pm24,while Pm13 and Pm21 did not exist in these cultivars. With the same markers above, the cultivars used more than 6.67 × 10~4 ha during 2004-2005 were also analyzed.Among these 14 cultivars, Pm2 was contained in one cultivar ,while Pm4 and Pm8 were contained in 4 cultivars separately,and Pm13 and Pm21 also did not exist in these 14 cultivars.With the genetic analysis of Zhengmai 883 bred by Wheat Research Institute of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,which is highly resistant against powdery mildew ,it was shown the resistance was controlled by a pair of dominant alleles.With the SCAR markers...