The Research On Bio-ecological Characteristics And Cultivation Technology Of Allium Mongolicum Regel In Gansu Province

Allium mongolicum Regel,with a long history,is a kind of wild vegetable in arid desert area.Due to over-exploitation of natural resources,it can hardly meet people's increasing demands,so it is imperative for artificial cultivation of Allium mongolicum Regel.In Gansu arid area,the natural distribution of wild Allium mongolicum Regel has greatly decreased to an area of 125715.9hm² now,and most of them are growing in sandy area, sandy soil,Gobi,mountain slopes,dry fiver bed,etc.The structure of Allium mongolicum Regel community is simple,with low uniformity rate of communities while high index of ecological priority.There are 5 types of vegetation and 14 communities in the distribution area of Allium mongolicum Regel.Allium mongolicum Regel,together with Asterothamnus centrali-asiaticus,Areimisia,Agropyron,Nitraria and some other desert plants,forms different types of communities.As a perennial bulb herb plant,Allium mongolicum Regel is very efficient in water utilization,its average water utilization efficiency can reach 0.85 umol CO2/mmolH₂O in May in the filed,and 0.93 umolCO₂/mmolH₂O in August,which are much higher than those of apple pear and apple.For Allium mongolicum Regel,cutting is helpful for it's rejuvenation, and it will reach the maximum height 15 days after cutting.The curves of daily and seasonal changes of water utilization efficiency,which are influenced by many factors,are quite different from that of net photosynthetic rate.The regression equation: Y=0.0004QNTM-0.0746CO2+0.0133TA-0.0201RH+0.0057VPD-1.2887(R2=0.903,the conspicuous level of variance analysis is 0.00534)shows the relationship between it and environmental factors.Allium mongolicum Regel is very strong photosynthesis,and the photosynthesis of cultivated Allium mongolicum Regel is 19.86 umolCO2/m² in May and 10.33 umolCO₂/m² in August.With the continuous growth,the photosynthesis rate of Allium mongolicum Regel is decreasing,and is even lower during flowering period.However,the photosynthesis rate becomes obviously higher in May and August after cutting.The curves of photosynthesis rate,sunlight intensity and CO₂ take a shape of natural logritam. Its sunlight intensity compensation point is 58.9 umolCO2/m²Â·s,and its adaptability to sunlight can extend at a large scale.Allium mongolicum Regel can bear shade.With 158.2 ppm of the CO₂ compensation point,it is plant with high CO₂ compensation point.The height growth of Allium mongolicum Rege's is closely related to total cloudiness, maximum wind velocity,vapor pressure,relative air humidity,sunshine hours as well as temperature,in which the relevancy degree is higher than 0.5;and the height growth of Allium mongolicum Rege's is weakly related to surface temperature,evaporation,average wind velocity and atmospheric pressure,in which the relevancy degree is smaller than 0.5.The width growth of Allium mongolicum Regel is closely related to total cloudiness, maximum wind velocity and hours of sunshine,in which the relevancy degree is bigger than 0.5;but it is weakly related to average wind velocity,relative air humidity,vapor pressure, evaporation,surface temperature,temperature and atmospheric pressure,in which the relative degree is less than 0.5. For artificial cultivation of Allium mongolicum Rege,sowing density will greatly influence the yield.The optimum sowing density is 5cm×5cm,with which,not only high yield can be assured,also the land can be managed and operated conveniently.Irrigation is crucial to the yield of Allium mongolicum Regel.One irrigation is needed during each cutting interval,with the quantity of 900 m³/ha.As a xerophyte plant,the yield of Allium mongolicum Regel will decrease with the increasing of irrigation.The artificial cultivation of Allium mongolicum Regel has an optimistic market prospect. The priority should be given to further exploitation and utilization as well as the development of industrialized production for future development.