Eco-physiological Characteristics And Domestic Cultivation Techniques Of Allium Mongolium Regel.

This article investigated and studied the Eco-geographical distribution characters, arid adaptability, Biologic characters and domestic techniques of Allium mongolicum Regel., by the way of wild investigation and fixed observation joined together with field test. The research shows: the horizontal distribution limits of Allium mongolicum is E: 98o48′11″～104o48′27″, N: 98o48′11″～104o48′27″, and the hightail distribution limits is 800～2,000m about sea level in Gansu province. The distributing limits included the most of northern Hexi Corridor and the parts of north-western Hedong Corridor. The total distribution areas are about 125715.9km². The structure of Allium mongolicum community is simple. The community, totaling 5 types and 14 sub-communities, is consisted of 76 species, which belong to 14 families and 45 genera. It has 5 structure layers, its quantity varied with the difference of water and soil conditions in the distribution area. Allium mongolicum is a powerful photosynthesis plant. The photosynthesis increases with the intensification of CO₂ concentration and sunlight intensity. The compensation point of CO₂ is 158.2ppm, and of sunlight compensation is 58.9μmol photons/m²Â·s. Cutting and irrigation are not significant in improving yield. Allium mongolicum is very efficient in water utilization. Its daily average water utilization efficiency can reach 0.85μmolCO₂/mmolH₂O in May in the fields, and 0.93μmolCO₂/mmolH₂O in August, which is more higher than those of apple pear and Xihongxing apple.Allium mongolicum has a very strong arid adaptability. with the water content of≧1.99±0.21% in the 0-15cm-ddep soil layer, grows normally; when the water content is lower than 0.885±0.12%,it becomes withered and comes into dormancy. This very strong arid adaptability of Allium mongolicum was been decided by the form and structure characters of its root, stem and leaf.After seeding, its growth-speeds is so fast during 0～10dayth,the daily average speed can reach 1.6cm/d. After 15 days, the growth-speeds become not obvious. After 20 days, parts of the leaves become withered and yellow. During all breeding period, the air and soil temperature keeps in 0～30℃. Allium mongolicum conforms to the logarithm curve, and the contents of Fe,Zn increased, while the contents of amino acid and normal nutrients decreased by 9%～23%. Its height growth is closely related to vapor pressure, relative air humidity, sunlight hours and temperature, the relevancy degree is higher than 0.5, while the width growth is closely related to sunlight hour.The species, with a sowing density of 5㎝×15㎝ (individual space×row space), is the optimum one. And the optimum irrigation quota is 600-750m³/hm² during each cut. Fertilizer application will not obviously influence he yield, but it is necessary to the field. The domestic techniques of Allium mongolicum contains: seeds seeding techniques, transplant with divided roots, the seeds product and planting in the winter. Allium mongolicum, a kind of natural green food. The priority should be given to further exploitation, and worthwhile being extended widely.